Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA; The Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA; The Grossman Institute for Neuroscience, Quantitative Biology and Human Behavior, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Dev Biol. 2021 Jul;475:193-204. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.08.022. Epub 2019 Aug 31.
Across phylogeny, motor neurons (MNs) represent a single but often remarkably diverse neuronal class composed of a multitude of subtypes required for vital behaviors, such as eating and locomotion. Over the past decades, seminal studies in multiple model organisms have advanced our molecular understanding of the early steps of MN development, such as progenitor specification and acquisition of MN subtype identity, by revealing key roles for several evolutionarily conserved transcription factors. However, very little is known about the molecular strategies that allow distinct MN subtypes to maintain their identity- and function-defining features during the late steps of development and postnatal life. Here, we provide an overview of invertebrate and vertebrate studies on transcription factor-based strategies that control early and late steps of MN development, aiming to highlight evolutionarily conserved gene regulatory principles necessary for establishment and maintenance of neuronal identity.
在整个进化过程中，运动神经元 (MNs) 代表了一个单一但通常非常多样化的神经元类别，由多种亚型组成，这些亚型对于重要的行为（如进食和运动）是必需的。在过去的几十年中，在多个模式生物中的开创性研究通过揭示几个进化上保守的转录因子的关键作用，提高了我们对 MN 发育早期步骤（如祖细胞特化和获得 MN 亚型身份）的分子理解。然而，对于允许不同 MN 亚型在发育后期和出生后维持其身份和功能特征的分子策略，我们知之甚少。在这里，我们提供了一个关于基于转录因子的策略的综述，这些策略控制 MN 发育的早期和晚期步骤，旨在强调对于建立和维持神经元身份所必需的进化上保守的基因调控原则。
