Department of Neurobiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
Neuroscience Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637.
J Neurosci. 2024 Oct 2;44(40):e1238242024. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1238-24.2024.
Motor circuits represent the main output of the central nervous system and produce dynamic behaviors ranging from relatively simple rhythmic activities like swimming in fish and breathing in mammals to highly sophisticated dexterous movements in humans. Despite decades of research, the development and function of motor circuits remain poorly understood. Breakthroughs in the field recently provided new tools and tractable model systems that set the stage to discover the molecular mechanisms and circuit logic underlying motor control. Here, we describe recent advances from both vertebrate (mouse, frog) and invertebrate (nematode, fruit fly) systems on cellular and molecular mechanisms that enable motor circuits to develop and function and highlight conserved and divergent mechanisms necessary for motor circuit development.
运动回路代表中枢神经系统的主要输出，产生从相对简单的节律性活动（如鱼类的游泳和哺乳动物的呼吸）到人类高度复杂的灵巧运动等各种动态行为。尽管已经进行了数十年的研究，但运动回路的发育和功能仍知之甚少。该领域的突破最近提供了新的工具和易于处理的模型系统，为发现运动控制的分子机制和回路逻辑奠定了基础。在这里，我们描述了来自脊椎动物（小鼠、青蛙）和无脊椎动物（线虫、果蝇）系统的最新进展，涉及使运动回路发育和发挥功能的细胞和分子机制，并强调了运动回路发育所必需的保守和分歧机制。
