Howard Brown Health, Chicago, IL 60613, USA.
Rush University College of Nursing, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Aug 30;16(17):3170. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16173170.
While recent efforts have been made to understand the bladder health experiences, perceptions, and knowledge of cisgender adolescent females and women, virtually nothing is known about the bladder health experiences of people who identify as sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). A community-based participatory research approach using a focus group methodology to engage 36 adult participants who identify as SGM, including individuals who identify as gender non-conforming, queer, transgender (trans) men, or lesbian, in one of six focus group discussions on bladder health. Using directed content qualitative data analysis from the six unique focus groups, three interrelated themes were revealed: gender socialization of voiding behavior and toilet environment culture producing identity threats, and risks to gender affirmation; consequences of hetero-cis normative bathroom infrastructure necessitating adaptive voiding behaviors; and, physical and psychosocial consequences of chronic anxiety and fear are associated with voiding experiences. Insight on how SGMs navigate voiding behaviors, toilet experiences, and health care seeking is needed to assure that bladder health promotion activities are inclusive of this population's needs.
虽然最近已经在努力了解 cisgender 青少年女性和女性的膀胱健康体验、认知和知识，但对于认同性少数群体（SGM）的人的膀胱健康体验几乎一无所知。本研究采用基于社区的参与式研究方法，利用焦点小组方法，邀请 36 名认同 SGM 的成年参与者（包括性别非规范、酷儿、跨性别（trans）男性或女同性恋者）参与六组关于膀胱健康的焦点小组讨论。通过对六个独特焦点小组的定向内容定性数据分析，揭示了三个相互关联的主题：排尿行为和厕所环境文化的性别社会化产生身份威胁和性别认同风险；异性恋规范浴室基础设施的后果需要适应性排尿行为；慢性焦虑和恐惧的身心后果与排尿体验有关。需要了解 SGM 如何应对排尿行为、厕所体验和寻求医疗保健，以确保膀胱健康促进活动满足这一人群的需求。
