Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), São Paulo, Brazil.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Aug 5;2019:6469213. doi: 10.1155/2019/6469213. eCollection 2019.
Cardiovascular benefits for the general population of combined aerobic-resistance exercise training are well-known, but the impact of this exercise training modality on the plasma lipid, inflammatory, and antioxidant status in elderly women that are exposed to a great risk of developing ischemic cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases has not been well investigated. So, we aimed to evaluate the plasma lipids, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines in 27 elderly women (TRAINED group, 69.1 ± 8.1 yrs) that were performing moderate intensity combined aerobic-resistance exercise training (3 times/week for at least 18 months) and in 27 sedentary elderly women (SED group, 72.0 ± 6.4 yrs), not submitted to exercise training for at least 5 yrs. Our results showed that BMI was lower in the TRAINED group than in the SED group (25.1 ± 3.2 vs. 28.7 ± 5.1, < 0.05). The TRAINED group had lower glycemia (92 ± 3 vs. 118 ± 12, < 0.05), glycated hemoglobin (5.9 ± 0.1 vs. 6.4 ± 0.2, < 0.05), and triglycerides (98 (75-122) vs. 139 (109-214), < 0.01); equal total cholesterol (199 (175-230) vs. 194 (165-220)), LDL-cholesterol (108 (83-133) vs. 109 (98-136)), and non-HDL-cholesterol (54 (30-74) vs. 62 (26-80)); and also higher HDL-cholesterol (64 (52-77) vs. 52 (44-63), < 0.01) and LDL-C/oxLDL ratio (13378 ± 2570 vs. 11639 ± 3113, < 0.05) compared to the SED group. Proinflammatory cytokines as IL-1 (11.31 ± 2.4 vs. 28.01 ± 4.7, < 0.05), IL-6 (26.25 ± 7.4 vs. 49.41 ± 17.8, < 0.05), and TNF- (25.72 ± 2.8 vs. 51.73 ± 4.2, < 0.05) were lower in the TRAINED group than in the SED group. The TRAINED group had lower total peroxides (26.3 ± 7.4 vs. 49.0 ± 17.8, < 0.05) and oxidized LDL (1551 ± 50.33 vs. 1773 ± 74, < 0.02) and higher total antioxidant capacity (26.25 ± 7.4 vs. 49.41 ± 17.8, < 0.001) compared to the SED group. In conclusion, in TRAINED women, BMI was lower, plasma lipid profile was better, plasma oxidative stress was diminished, and there was less expression of proinflammatory interleukins than in SED, suggesting that combined aerobic-resistance exercise training may promote the protection against the complications of ischemic cardio- and cerebrovascular disease in elderly women.
有氧运动联合抗阻运动训练对普通人群的心血管益处众所周知，但这种运动训练方式对易发生缺血性心脑血管疾病的老年女性的血浆脂质、炎症和抗氧化状态的影响尚未得到充分研究。因此，我们旨在评估 27 名进行中等强度有氧运动联合抗阻运动训练（每周 3 次，至少 18 个月）的老年女性（TRAINED 组，69.1 ± 8.1 岁）和 27 名久坐不动的老年女性（SED 组，72.0 ± 6.4 岁）的血浆脂质、氧化应激和炎性细胞因子。我们的结果表明，TRAINED 组的 BMI 低于 SED 组（25.1 ± 3.2 比 28.7 ± 5.1，<0.05）。TRAINED 组的血糖（92 ± 3 比 118 ± 12，<0.05）、糖化血红蛋白（5.9 ± 0.1 比 6.4 ± 0.2，<0.05）和甘油三酯（98（75-122）比 139（109-214），<0.01）更低；总胆固醇（199（175-230）比 194（165-220））、LDL-胆固醇（108（83-133）比 109（98-136））和非 HDL-胆固醇（54（30-74）比 62（26-80））相等；HDL-胆固醇（64（52-77）比 52（44-63），<0.01）和 LDL-C/oxLDL 比值（13378 ± 2570 比 11639 ± 3113，<0.05）也高于 SED 组。促炎细胞因子如 IL-1（11.31 ± 2.4 比 28.01 ± 4.7，<0.05）、IL-6（26.25 ± 7.4 比 49.41 ± 17.8，<0.05）和 TNF-（25.72 ± 2.8 比 51.73 ± 4.2，<0.05）在 TRAINED 组中低于 SED 组。TRAINED 组的总过氧化物（26.3 ± 7.4 比 49.0 ± 17.8，<0.05）和氧化 LDL（1551 ± 50.33 比 1773 ± 74，<0.02）更低，总抗氧化能力（26.25 ± 7.4 比 49.41 ± 17.8，<0.001）更高与 SED 组相比。总之，在接受训练的女性中，BMI 较低，血浆脂质谱较好，血浆氧化应激减轻，促炎白细胞介素的表达也较少，这表明有氧运动联合抗阻运动训练可能有助于预防老年女性缺血性心脑血管疾病的并发症。
