Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tibet University, Linzhi, China.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2019 Dec;16(12):823-830. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2678. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
Chlorogenic acid (CA), an ester of caffeic acid, is a major phenolic compound in herbs. The antimicrobial activity of CA against P1, a foodborne pathogen, was investigated in this study. To understand how CA injured target cells, the influence of CA on cell morphology was assessed. A sunken cell surface and detachment of outer membrane components in P1 were observed after being treated by CA. Following this, the intracellular membrane permeability and the content of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a main component of outer membrane, were determined. The release of intracellular protein and ATP from P1 indicated that CA increased intracellular membrane permeability and resulted in the leakage of intracellular materials. The uptake of propidium iodide, a compromised cell membrane nucleic acid stain, further demonstrated that CA acted on the intracellular membrane. CA resulted in the decrease of LPS contents of P1, which supported the detachment of outer membrane. CA also downregulated the expression of major genes in LPS biosynthesis, suggesting that CA may inhibit intracellular metabolism of P1 cells. Thus, CA increased the intracellular membrane permeability, induced the exfoliation of outer membrane, and disturbed the intracellular metabolism. Damage of intracellular and outer membranes as well as disruption of cell metabolism resulted in cell death eventually. The finding suggested that CA has the potential to be developed as a preservative to control -associated foodborne diseases.
绿原酸（CA）是咖啡酸的酯，是草药中主要的酚类化合物。本研究考察了 CA 对食源性病原体 P1 的抗菌活性。为了了解 CA 如何损伤靶细胞，评估了 CA 对细胞形态的影响。在用 CA 处理后，P1 的细胞表面凹陷，外膜成分脱落。随后，测定了细胞内膜通透性和外膜主要成分脂多糖（LPS）的含量。从 P1 中释放的细胞内蛋白质和 ATP 表明 CA 增加了细胞内膜通透性，并导致细胞内物质泄漏。碘化丙啶（一种受损细胞膜核酸染料）的摄取进一步表明 CA 作用于细胞内膜。CA 导致 P1 的 LPS 含量降低，这支持了外膜的脱落。CA 还下调了 LPS 生物合成的主要基因的表达，表明 CA 可能抑制 P1 细胞的细胞内代谢。因此，CA 增加了细胞内膜通透性，诱导外膜脱落，并扰乱了细胞内代谢。最终导致细胞内和外膜的损伤以及细胞代谢的破坏，导致细胞死亡。这一发现表明，CA 有可能被开发为一种防腐剂，以控制与食品相关的食源性疾病。
