James W P, Ferro-Luzzi A, Waterlow J C
Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988 Dec;42(12):969-81.
New criteria are proposed for classifying chronic energy deficiency (CED) in adults. A progressively more precise approach to identifying affected individuals involves measuring body weight and height, then energy intake (or expenditure) and finally the basal metabolic rate (BMR). Three cut-off points for body mass index (BMI) were identified: 18.5, 17.0 and 16.0. A BMI above 18.5 is classified as normal and below 16.0 as grade III CED. A diagnosis of grades I and II CED depends on finding the combination of a BMI of 16.0-16.9 or 17.0-18.4 with a ratio of energy turnover to predicted BMR of less than 1.4. Measuring the individual BMR avoids misclassification and confirms the diagnosis. In groups of African adults 38-63 per cent of each group had a BMI below 18.5 and the majority require studies of their energy turnover before specifying their degree of CED; 3 per cent of Ethiopian women and 24 per cent of a selected male African group had grade III CED. These guidelines can be used when assessing the input of aid programmes and for clinical and other studies.
本文提出了针对成人慢性能量缺乏（CED）的新分类标准。识别受影响个体的方法越来越精确，包括测量体重和身高，然后是能量摄入（或消耗），最后是基础代谢率（BMR）。确定了体重指数（BMI）的三个临界点：18.5、17.0和16.0。BMI高于18.5被归类为正常，低于16.0为III级CED。I级和II级CED的诊断取决于BMI在16.0 - 16.9或17.0 - 18.4之间，且能量转换与预测BMR的比值小于1.4。测量个体的BMR可避免错误分类并确诊。在非洲成年人群体中，每组38% - 63%的人BMI低于18.5，大多数人在确定其CED程度之前需要对其能量转换进行研究；3%的埃塞俄比亚女性和24%的特定非洲男性群体患有III级CED。这些指南可用于评估援助项目的投入以及临床和其他研究。
