Scientific Research Unit, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China.
Division of Microbiology, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200336, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 4;9(1):12785. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48994-5.
Based on measles surveillance in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, from 2006 to 2015, we found that measles virus isolates from 40 throat swab samples exhibited atypical cytopathic effects in Vero/hSLAM cells, which was found to be a result of coinfection with measles virus (MeV) and human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Serological and molecular approaches were used to confirm and characterize the coinfections in these patients. Among the 40 measles cases, measles-specific IgM was detected in 37 cases, while measles-specific IgG was detected in 27 cases. HSV-1-specific IgM and IgG were detected in 7 and 34 cases, respectively, suggesting that most of the MeV infections were primary, but that HSV-1 infection was due to the reactivation of latent virus in most cases. The titers of HSV-1 IgG in patients with either measles or measles-HSV-1 coinfection were significantly higher than those in the healthy group (P = 0.0026 and P < 0.0001, respectively); however, there was no significant difference in the titers of HSV-1 IgG in the MeV and MeV-HSV-1 coinfection patients (P = 0.105). Nucleic acids from MeV and HSV-1 were detected in 40 and 39 throat swabs, respectively. Twenty five MeV RNA sequences were genotyped, and all represented genotype H1, which is the endemic genotype in China. Sequences from the glycoprotein G gene of HSV-1 were used to classify the isolates into two distinct phylogenetic groups: 34 belonged to group A and 3 belonged to group B.
基于 2006 年至 2015 年中国上海市的麻疹监测结果，我们发现 40 份咽拭子样本中的麻疹病毒分离株在 Vero/hSLAM 细胞中呈现非典型细胞病变效应，这是麻疹病毒（MeV）和单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）合并感染的结果。我们采用血清学和分子方法确认并分析了这些患者的合并感染情况。在 40 例麻疹病例中，37 例检测到麻疹特异性 IgM，27 例检测到麻疹特异性 IgG。7 例和 34 例分别检测到 HSV-1 特异性 IgM 和 IgG，提示大多数 MeV 感染为原发性，但大多数情况下 HSV-1 感染是由潜伏病毒再激活引起的。麻疹或麻疹-HSV-1 合并感染患者的 HSV-1 IgG 滴度明显高于健康组（P=0.0026 和 P<0.0001）；然而，MeV 和 MeV-HSV-1 合并感染患者的 HSV-1 IgG 滴度无显著差异（P=0.105）。在 40 份咽拭子中分别检测到了 MeV 和 HSV-1 的核酸。25 株 MeV RNA 序列进行了基因分型，均代表中国流行的基因型 H1。HSV-1 糖蛋白 G 基因的序列将分离株分为两个不同的进化群：34 株属于群 A，3 株属于群 B。
