Nath Peuli, Kabir Md Alamgir, Doust Somaiyeh Khoubafarin, Ray Aniruddha
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
Infect Dis Rep. 2021 Jun 2;13(2):518-539. doi: 10.3390/idr13020049.
Herpes is a widespread viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) that has no permanent cure to date. There are two subtypes, HSV-1 and HSV-2, that are known to cause a variety of symptoms, ranging from acute to chronic. HSV is highly contagious and can be transmitted via any type of physical contact. Additionally, viral shedding can also happen from asymptomatic infections. Thus, early and accurate detection of HSV is needed to prevent the transmission of this infection. Herpes can be diagnosed in two ways, by either detecting the presence of the virus in lesions or the antibodies in the blood. Different detection techniques are available based on both laboratory and point of care (POC) devices. Laboratory techniques include different biochemical assays, microscopy, and nucleic acid amplification. In contrast, POC techniques include microfluidics-based tests that enable on-spot testing. Here, we aim to review the different diagnostic techniques, both laboratory-based and POC, their limits of detection, sensitivity, and specificity, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
疱疹是一种由单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）引起的广泛传播的病毒感染，迄今为止尚无永久性治愈方法。有两种亚型，即HSV-1和HSV-2，已知会引起从急性到慢性的各种症状。HSV具有高度传染性，可通过任何形式的身体接触传播。此外，无症状感染也可能发生病毒脱落。因此，需要早期准确检测HSV以预防这种感染的传播。疱疹可以通过两种方式进行诊断，即检测病变中病毒的存在或血液中的抗体。基于实验室和即时检测（POC）设备有不同的检测技术。实验室技术包括不同的生化分析、显微镜检查和核酸扩增。相比之下，POC技术包括基于微流控的测试，可实现现场检测。在此，我们旨在综述不同的诊断技术，包括基于实验室的和POC技术，它们的检测限、灵敏度和特异性，以及它们的优缺点。
