Burrel Sonia, Boutolleau David, Ryu Diane, Agut Henri, Merkel Kevin, Leendertz Fabian H, Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien
National Reference Centre for Herpesviruses, Paris, France.
AP-HP, University Hospital La Pitié-Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Virology Department and Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, CIMI, INSERM U1135, Paris, France.
Mol Biol Evol. 2017 Jul 1;34(7):1713-1721. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msx113.
Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are seen as close relatives but also unambiguously considered as evolutionary independent units. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 18 HSV-2 isolates characterized by divergent UL30 gene sequences to further elucidate the evolutionary history of this virus. Surprisingly, genome-wide recombination analyses showed that all HSV-2 genomes sequenced to date contain HSV-1 fragments. Using phylogenomic analyses, we could also show that two main HSV-2 lineages exist. One lineage is mostly restricted to subSaharan Africa whereas the other has reached a global distribution. Interestingly, only the worldwide lineage is characterized by ancient recombination events with HSV-1. Our findings highlight the complexity of HSV-2 evolution, a virus of putative zoonotic origin which later recombined with its human-adapted relative. They also suggest that coinfections with HSV-1 and 2 may have genomic and potentially functional consequences and should therefore be monitored more closely.
单纯疱疹病毒1型和2型（HSV-1和HSV-2）被视为近亲，但也被明确认为是进化上独立的单位。在此，我们对18株以不同的UL30基因序列为特征的HSV-2分离株进行了基因组测序，以进一步阐明该病毒的进化史。令人惊讶的是，全基因组重组分析表明，迄今为止测序的所有HSV-2基因组都包含HSV-1片段。通过系统基因组分析，我们还可以表明存在两个主要的HSV-2谱系。一个谱系主要局限于撒哈拉以南非洲，而另一个谱系已遍布全球。有趣的是，只有全球谱系的特征是与HSV-1发生了古老的重组事件。我们的发现凸显了HSV-2进化的复杂性，这种病毒可能起源于动物，后来与其适应人类的亲属发生了重组。它们还表明，HSV-1和2的共同感染可能会产生基因组和潜在的功能后果，因此应更密切地进行监测。
