The Son Ninh
Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Aug 14;2019:8314693. doi: 10.1155/2019/8314693. eCollection 2019.
Genus (family Annonaceae), widely distributed in mainland Asia and Australia to New Guinea, has been employed in both traditional herbal uses and pharmacological medicines. Original research articles related to this genus are now available, but supportive reviews highlighting phytochemical and pharmacological aspects are now insufficient.
This account is an overview of most of the compounds isolated from this genus, along with their pharmacological evaluations.
A vast amount of data showed that genus contained various classes of secondary metabolites. Herein, more than two hundred constituents were isolated, comprising alkaloids, geranylated homogentisic acids, flavonoids, lignans, neolignans, terpenoids, acetogenins, styryls, lactones, phenolics, amides, alcohols, and furfural derivatives. Novel miliusanes and bicyclic lactones have been remarkable characteristics of plants. Essential oils from these plants were also detected, with a high amount of -caryophyllene. Numerous biological researches on, for example, anticancer, antifungal, antimycobacterial, anti-inflammation, and cardiac activity, especially in terms of cytotoxicity, using either isolated compounds or plant extracts, implied that phytochemical components now set out to have a key role in pharmacological development. ethyl acetate extract and its flavonoid ayanin () inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cell line comparable with positive control ellipticine. (+)-Miliusol () stimulated anticancer experiment against HCT116 xenograft mouse tumor following the p21-dependent induction of cellular senescence mechanism.
番荔枝属（番荔枝科）广泛分布于亚洲大陆、澳大利亚至新几内亚，已被用于传统草药和药物中。目前已有关于该属的原始研究文章，但突出植物化学和药理学方面的支持性综述尚显不足。
本文对从该属中分离出的大多数化合物及其药理学评价进行了综述。
大量数据表明，番荔枝属含有各类次生代谢产物。本文分离出了两百多种成分，包括生物碱、香叶基化对羟基苯甲酸、黄酮类、木脂素、新木脂素、萜类、番荔枝内酯、苯乙烯类、内酯、酚类、酰胺类、醇类和糠醛衍生物。新型米氏烷和双环内酯是番荔枝属植物的显著特征。还检测到了这些植物的精油，其中含有大量的β-石竹烯。对番荔枝属进行的众多生物学研究，例如抗癌、抗真菌、抗分枝杆菌、抗炎和心脏活性研究，特别是使用分离化合物或植物提取物进行的细胞毒性研究，表明番荔枝属的植物化学成分在药理学发展中发挥着关键作用。番荔枝属的乙酸乙酯提取物及其黄酮类化合物阿亚宁（）对MCF-7细胞系生长的抑制作用与阳性对照玫瑰树碱相当。（+）-米氏醇（）通过p21依赖的细胞衰老机制诱导，刺激了对HCT116异种移植小鼠肿瘤的抗癌实验。
