Brock University.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2020 Apr;53(2):1130-1144. doi: 10.1002/jaba.636. Epub 2019 Sep 4.
Previous researchers found that individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities tend to prefer edible over leisure stimuli, although leisure stimuli may still function as reinforcers. We replicated and extended previous research in a 2-part experiment with typically developing children. In Experiment 1, we evaluated 15 children's preference for leisure and edible stimuli. Five of 15 participants preferred edible over leisure stimuli, 3 of 15 participants preferred leisure over edible stimuli, and the remaining 7 of 15 participants did not show a preference for a stimulus class. In Experiment 2, we compared the reinforcer potency of the top-ranked stimulus from each class with 7 of the 8 participants who showed displacement of one stimulus class. Four of 7 participants allocated more responding to the task associated with the top-ranked stimulus and 3 of 7 participants showed no differences in responding to the task regardless of the stimulus rank.
先前的研究人员发现，智力和发育障碍个体倾向于选择可食用的刺激物而不是休闲刺激物，尽管休闲刺激物仍然可以作为强化物。我们在一项针对正常发展儿童的两部分实验中复制和扩展了先前的研究。在实验 1 中，我们评估了 15 名儿童对休闲和可食用刺激物的偏好。15 名参与者中有 5 名更喜欢可食用刺激物而不是休闲刺激物，有 3 名更喜欢休闲刺激物而不是可食用刺激物，其余 7 名参与者对刺激物类别没有表现出偏好。在实验 2 中，我们比较了每个类别中排名最高的刺激物的强化力，以及 7 名表现出一种刺激物类别置换的参与者。7 名参与者中有 4 名将更多的反应分配给与排名最高的刺激物相关的任务，而 7 名参与者中有 3 名无论刺激物排名如何，对任务的反应都没有差异。
