Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA.
Curr Environ Health Rep. 2019 Dec;6(4):344-360. doi: 10.1007/s40572-019-00245-5.
As interest in the mental health consequences of environmental disasters increases, this review aimed to summarize peer-reviewed studies published in 2018 on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms after such events.
Notable trends in the past year of research included studies focusing on vulnerable populations (e.g., persons with preexisting physical health conditions), assessing the cumulative impact of exposure to multiple disasters, exploring pathway leading to PTSD and depression symptoms, and evaluating the effectiveness of post-disaster interventions. Over 100 articles were identified, focused on 40 disasters that occurred between 1982 and 2017. Prevalence estimates ranged from 0 to 70.51% for PTSD and 1.9 to 59.5% for depression. Consistent predictors of adverse outcomes included female gender, socioeconomic disadvantage, high disaster exposure, and low psychosocial resources. Further research that expands upon recent advances in the literature is critical given the large proportion of the world's population exposed to disasters and the increasing incidence of such events.
随着人们对环境灾害所带来的心理健康后果的兴趣日益增加，本综述旨在总结 2018 年发表的有关创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和此类事件后抑郁症状的同行评议研究。
过去一年研究中值得注意的趋势包括关注弱势群体（例如，有先前存在的身体健康状况的人）的研究，评估暴露于多次灾害的累积影响，探索导致 PTSD 和抑郁症状的途径，并评估灾后干预措施的有效性。共确定了 100 多篇文章，重点关注了 1982 年至 2017 年间发生的 40 次灾害。PTSD 的患病率估计从 0 到 70.51%，抑郁的患病率从 1.9 到 59.5%。不良结局的一致预测因素包括女性性别、社会经济劣势、高灾害暴露和低心理社会资源。鉴于世界上很大一部分人口遭受灾害，以及此类事件的发生率不断上升，进一步扩大文献中最新进展的研究至关重要。
