Department of "Organi di Senso", University "Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, 47121 Forlì, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 4;16(18):3235. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183235.
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) represents only part of a large group of pathologies of variable entity called respiratory sleep disorders (RSD) which include simple snoring and increased upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS). Although the etiopathogenesis of adult OSAS is well known, many aspects of this syndrome in children are still debated. Its prevalence is about 2% in children from 2 to 8 years of age, mostly related to the size of the upper airways adenoid tissue. Several risk factors linked to the development of OSAS are typical of the pediatric age. The object of this paper is to analyze the state of the art on this specific topic, discussing its implications in terms of diagnosis and management.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）仅代表一组称为呼吸睡眠障碍（RSD）的多种疾病的一部分，其中包括单纯性打鼾和上气道阻力综合征（UARS）。尽管成人 OSAS 的病因发病机制已广为人知，但儿童中该综合征的许多方面仍存在争议。在 2 至 8 岁的儿童中，其患病率约为 2%，主要与上气道腺样体组织的大小有关。与 OSAS 发展相关的几个危险因素是儿科特有的。本文的目的是分析这一特定主题的最新研究进展，讨论其在诊断和管理方面的意义。
