Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Pakistan.
J Food Biochem. 2019 Sep;43(9):e12963. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12963. Epub 2019 Jul 2.
The aqueous extract of Trifolium repens (TR) leaves was analyzed for the phenolic profile using reversed phase HPLC-DAD and administered to mice against acetaminophen-induced hepatoxicity. Twenty-four phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. The highest amounts present were of kaempferol-3-(caffeoyldiglucoside)-7-glucoside (983.7 µg/ml), followed by p-coumaroyl-4-glucoside (905.6 µg/ml) and daidzein-O-sulfate (808.3 µg/ml). The aqueous extract was administered to mice along with acetaminophen at different doses. Acetaminophen was found to significantly alter body weight, serum biochemistry, and hematological indices of mice, which were ameliorated by the co-administration of aqueous extract. Liver histopathological studies revealed that acetaminophen significantly induced toxicity, while TR aqueous extract provides curative functions. Lipid peroxidation and total reduced glutathione in the liver were also normalized by the aqueous extract of TR. The aqueous extract of TR was rich in important phenolic compounds, which can be used as a source of beneficial bioactive compounds with hepato-protective function. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Acetaminophen has been widely used as antipyretic and analgesic. However, the major complication reported is hepatotoxicity. Synthetic or conventional drugs used for hepatic diseases or against hepatotoxicity are insufficient and causes severe side effects. For this purpose, traditional medicinal plants or nutraceuticals are used to decrease in the side effects of different hepatotoxic medicine are demanding. Food and neutraceuticals are rich in important polyphenolic compounds which are the best antioxidants. This study was aimed to evaluate the phenolic composition of aqueous extract of Trifolium repens and its potential protective action against the acetaminophen-induced toxicity in mice. This study showed for the first time that the aqueous extract of TR was protective against the hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen.
白车轴草（TR）叶的水提取物采用反相 HPLC-DAD 进行酚类成分分析，并用于小鼠对抗对乙酰氨基酚诱导的肝毒性。鉴定和定量了 24 种酚类化合物。存在的最高含量是山柰酚-3-（咖啡酰二葡萄糖苷）-7-葡萄糖苷（983.7 µg/ml），其次是对香豆酰基-4-葡萄糖苷（905.6 µg/ml）和大豆苷-O-硫酸盐（808.3 µg/ml）。水提取物与不同剂量的对乙酰氨基酚一起给予小鼠。发现对乙酰氨基酚显著改变了小鼠的体重、血清生化和血液学指标，而水提取物的共同给药则改善了这些指标。肝组织病理学研究表明，对乙酰氨基酚显著诱导了毒性，而 TR 水提取物具有治疗作用。TR 水提取物还使肝中的脂质过氧化和总还原型谷胱甘肽正常化。TR 的水提取物富含重要的酚类化合物，可作为具有肝保护功能的有益生物活性化合物的来源。实际应用：对乙酰氨基酚已被广泛用作解热和镇痛药。然而，报告的主要并发症是肝毒性。用于治疗肝脏疾病或对抗肝毒性的合成或常规药物不足，并会引起严重的副作用。为此，正在寻求使用传统药用植物或营养保健品来减少不同肝毒性药物的副作用。食品和营养保健品富含重要的多酚类化合物，是最好的抗氧化剂。本研究旨在评估白车轴草水提取物的酚类成分及其对小鼠对乙酰氨基酚诱导的毒性的潜在保护作用。本研究首次表明，TR 的水提取物对乙酰氨基酚诱导的肝毒性具有保护作用。
