Durhan M A, Agrali O B, Kiyan E, Ikizoglu N Bas, Ersu R, Tanboga I
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Maltepe, Basibuyuk Saglik Kampusu, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Periodontology, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Maltepe, Basibuyuk Saglik Kampusu, 34854, Istanbul, Turkey.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Sep;22(9):1175-1179. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_97_19.
Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with children without DS, with reported prevalence of 31 ± 75% among clinical-based samples. We aimed to find out whether there is any effect of OSA on periodontal and dental health in children with DS.
Overnight polysomnography (PSG) was performed. OSA was defined as Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) ≥ 1/h. Children received a full mouth periodontal and dental examination that included probing depths (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) on six sites per tooth. Decay, decay - Missing, missing - Filling, filling - Tooth, tooth (DMFT-for permanent tooth/dmft-for primary tooth) scores were calculated.
Children were divided into two groups depending on whether they were diagnosed with OSA or no OSA. Group 1 (DS with OSA) and Group 2 (DS without OSA) included 11 children (age = 11.5 ± 2.2) and 7 children (mean age = 9.7 ± 2.3), respectively. Subjects in Group 1 displayed statistically significantly higher levels of GI (P = 0.020) and BOP (P = 0.006) than Group 2.
OSA is an important problem for DS and may affect oral health negatively. Based on our findings, OSA can be associated with impaired gingival health in DS children and close follow-up may be necessary for this group.
与非唐氏综合征（DS）儿童相比，唐氏综合征儿童患阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的风险更高，据报道在基于临床的样本中患病率为31±75%。我们旨在查明OSA对DS儿童的牙周和牙齿健康是否有任何影响。
进行夜间多导睡眠图（PSG）检查。OSA定义为呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）≥1次/小时。儿童接受了全口牙周和牙齿检查，包括每颗牙齿六个部位的探诊深度（PD）、菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）和探诊出血（BOP）。计算龋失补指数（恒牙用DMFT/乳牙用dmft）得分。
根据是否被诊断为OSA，将儿童分为两组。第1组（患有OSA的DS儿童）和第2组（未患有OSA的DS儿童）分别包括11名儿童（年龄=11.岁±2.2岁）和7名儿童（平均年龄=9.7岁±2.3岁）。第1组受试者的GI水平（P=0.020）和BOP水平（P=0.006）在统计学上显著高于第2组。
OSA是DS儿童的一个重要问题，可能对口腔健康产生负面影响。根据我们的研究结果，OSA可能与DS儿童牙龈健康受损有关，对此组儿童可能需要密切随访。
