急性神经肌肉和激素对不同运动负荷及随后蒸桑拿的反应。

Acute Neuromuscular and Hormonal Responses to Different Exercise Loadings Followed by a Sauna.

机构信息

Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity.

Health Sciences in the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.

出版信息

J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Feb;34(2):313-322. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003371.

DOI:10.1519/JSC.0000000000003371

PMID:31490429

Abstract

Rissanen, JA, Häkkinen, A, Laukkanen, J, Kraemer, WJ, and Häkkinen, K. Acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses to different exercise loadings followed by a sauna. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 313-322, 2020-The purpose of this study was to investigate acute responses of endurance (E + SA), strength (S + SA), and combined endurance and strength exercise (C + SA) followed by a traditional sauna bath (70° C, 18% relative humidity) on neuromuscular performance and serum hormone concentrations. Twenty-seven recreationally physically active men who were experienced with taking a sauna participated in the study. All the subjects performed a sauna bath only (SA) first as a control measurement followed by S + SA and E + SA (paired matched randomization) and C + SA. Subjects were measured PRE (before exercise), MID (immediately after exercise and before sauna), POST (after sauna), POST30min (30 minutes after sauna), and POST24h (24 hours after PRE). Maximal isometric leg press (ILPFmax) and bench press (IBPFmax) forces, maximal rate of force development (RFD) and countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ), serum testosterone (TES), cortisol (COR), and 22-kD growth hormone (GH22kD) concentrations were measured. All exercise loadings followed by a sauna decreased ILPFmax (-9 to -15%) and RFD (-20 to -26%) in POST. ILPFmax, RFD, and CMVJ remained at significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lowered levels after S + SA in POST24h. IBPFmax decreased in POST in S + SA and C + SA and remained lowered in POST24h. SA decreased ILPFmax and IBPFmax in POST and POST30min and remained lowered in ILPFmax (-4.1%) at POST24h. GH22kD, TES, and COR elevated significantly in all loadings measured in the afternoon in MID. SA only led to an elevation (15%) in TES in POST. The strength exercise followed by a sauna was the most fatiguing protocol for the neuromuscular performance. Traditional sauna bathing itself seems to be strenuous loading, and it may not be recommended 24 hours before the next training session. A sauna bath after the loadings did not further change the hormonal responses recorded after the exercise loadings.

摘要

里桑宁，JA，哈基宁，A，劳卡宁，J，克拉默，WJ，和哈基宁，K。不同运动负荷后急性神经肌肉和激素反应及随后的桑拿浴。J 力量与调节研究 34（2）：313-322，2020-本研究旨在探讨耐力（E + SA）、力量（S + SA）和耐力与力量相结合的运动（C + SA）后急性反应，以及传统桑拿浴（70°C，18%相对湿度）对神经肌肉性能和血清激素浓度的影响。27 名有经验的休闲体育活动男性参加了这项研究。所有受试者首先进行桑拿浴（SA），作为对照测量，然后进行 S + SA 和 E + SA（配对随机分组）和 C + SA。受试者在 PRE（运动前）、MID（运动后立即和桑拿前）、POST（桑拿后）、POST30min（桑拿后 30 分钟）和 POST24h（PRE 后 24 小时）进行测量。最大等长腿压（ILPFmax）和卧推（IBPFmax）力、最大力量发展率（RFD）和反跳垂直跳跃（CMVJ）、血清睾酮（TES）、皮质醇（COR）和 22-kD 生长激素（GH22kD）浓度均进行了测量。所有运动负荷后桑拿浴均导致 POST 时 ILPFmax（-9%至-15%）和 RFD（-20%至-26%）下降。S + SA 后 POST24h，ILPFmax、RFD 和 CMVJ 仍保持明显较低水平。POST 时 S + SA 和 C + SA 时 IBPFmax 下降，POST24h 时仍较低。SA 在 POST 和 POST30min 时降低了 ILPFmax 和 IBPFmax，在 POST24h 时 ILPFmax 仍降低（-4.1%）。GH22kD、TES 和 COR 在下午所有负荷测量中均显著升高。SA 仅导致 POST 时 TES 升高（15%）。与力量训练相比，桑拿浴后进行力量训练对神经肌肉性能的疲劳程度最高。传统桑拿浴本身似乎是一种剧烈的负荷，不建议在下次训练前 24 小时进行。负荷后再进行桑拿浴不会进一步改变运动负荷后记录的激素反应。