School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the MoE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100084, China.
Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Jul 26;123(4):040402. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.040402.
Quantum metrology employs quantum effects to attain a measurement precision surpassing the limit achievable in classical physics. However, it was previously found that the precision returns the shot-noise limit (SNL) from the ideal Zeno limit (ZL) due to the photon loss in quantum metrology based on Mech-Zehnder interferometry. Here, we find that not only can the SNL be beaten, but also the ZL can be asymptotically recovered in a long-encoding-time condition when the photon dissipation is exactly studied in its inherent non-Markovian manner. Our analysis reveals that it is due to the formation of a bound state of the photonic system and its dissipative noise. Highlighting the microscopic mechanism of the dissipative noise on the quantum optical metrology, our result supplies a guideline to realize the ultrasensitive measurement in practice by forming the bound state in the setting of reservoir engineering.
量子计量学利用量子效应来达到超越经典物理学可实现的测量精度的极限。然而，之前发现，由于基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的量子计量学中的光子损耗，精度会从理想的 Zeno 极限（ZL）返回到散粒噪声极限（SNL）。在这里，我们发现，当在固有非马尔可夫方式中精确研究光子耗散时，不仅可以打破 SNL，而且在长编码时间条件下也可以渐近恢复 ZL。我们的分析表明，这是由于光量子系统及其耗散噪声形成了束缚态。我们的结果突出了耗散噪声对量子光学计量学的微观机制的影响，为通过在储层工程的设置中形成束缚态来实现实际中超灵敏测量提供了指导。
