CNRS, Laboratoire d'Ethologie animale et humaine, UMR6552, Université de Rennes, Université de Caen-Normandie, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Université de Rennes, Laboratoire d'Ethologie animale et humaine, UMR 6552, CNRS, Université de Caen-Normandie, Station Biologique, 35380 Paimpont, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Dec;107:540-559. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.022. Epub 2019 Sep 3.
Research in cognitive psychology has repeatedly shown how much cognition and emotions are mutually related to one another. Psychological disorders are associated with cognitive (attention, memory and judgment) biases and chronic pain may affect attention, learning or memory. Laboratory studies have provided useful insights about the processes involved but observations about spontaneous animal models, living in different stress/welfare conditions may help understand further how cognition and welfare are interrelated in the « real world ». Domestic horses constitute such a model as they live in a variety of conditions that impact differently their welfare state. In the present review, we try and provide an overview of the scientific literature on cognition and welfare of domestic horses and their interrelationship. We address how emotions and welfare may affect cognitive processes in horses and impact the way they perceive their environment (including work). We propose new methods for assessing the relationship between welfare and cognition and open up the discussion on the evolution of the brain and the part domestication may have played.
认知心理学的研究反复表明认知和情绪是相互关联的。心理障碍与认知（注意力、记忆和判断）偏差有关，慢性疼痛可能会影响注意力、学习或记忆。实验室研究为相关过程提供了有用的见解，但对自发的动物模型的观察，生活在不同的压力/福利条件下，可能有助于进一步理解认知和福利在“现实世界”中是如何相互关联的。家养马就是这样一种模型，因为它们生活在多种不同的条件下，这些条件会对它们的福利状况产生不同的影响。在本综述中，我们试图概述关于家养马的认知和福利及其相互关系的科学文献。我们讨论了情绪和福利如何影响马的认知过程，并影响它们感知环境（包括工作）的方式。我们提出了评估福利和认知之间关系的新方法，并就大脑的进化以及驯化可能所起的作用展开了讨论。
