Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 2608670, Japan.
Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Katsushika Maternity Hospital, Tokyo 1240012, Japan.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 5;11(9):2118. doi: 10.3390/nu11092118.
Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is one of the immunomodulatory factors in breast milk (BM). Although it may be involved in the prevention of atopic symptoms and sensitization to both food and inhalant allergens, conflicting evidence exists concerning its protective effects. In this study, we investigated the relationship between sCD14 in colostrum and 1-month BM, and the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) and sensitization to food and aeroallergens at 9 months of age in infants who were exclusively or almost exclusively breastfed up to 4 months of age. BM samples were collected from lactating mothers who participated in a 2 × 2 factorial, randomized, nontreatment controlled trial study set in Tokyo, which looked at the efficacy of emollients and synbiotics in preventing AD and food allergy in children during the first year of life. A total of 258 colostrum samples and 269 1-month BM samples were analyzed. We found that one-month BM sCD14 levels in the AD group were significantly lower than in the non-AD group. Levels of sCD14 in 1-month BM were not related to allergen sensitization in the overall analysis, but egg white sensitization correlated inversely with 1-month BM sCD14 in infants without AD. The results suggest that sCD14 in BM may be involved in atopic manifestations in early infancy.
可溶性 CD14（sCD14）是母乳（BM）中一种免疫调节因子。虽然它可能参与预防特应性症状和对食物及吸入性过敏原的致敏，但关于其保护作用的证据存在矛盾。在这项研究中，我们调查了初乳和 1 个月 BM 中的 sCD14 与 9 个月大时特应性皮炎（AD）和食物及气传过敏原致敏之间的关系，这些婴儿在 4 个月龄前均接受了纯母乳喂养或几乎完全接受了母乳喂养。BM 样本来自参加了在东京进行的 2×2 因子、随机、非治疗对照试验研究的哺乳期母亲，该研究旨在研究保湿剂和合生剂在预防儿童生命第一年 AD 和食物过敏方面的功效。共分析了 258 份初乳样本和 269 份 1 个月 BM 样本。我们发现，AD 组的 1 个月 BM sCD14 水平明显低于非 AD 组。在总体分析中，1 个月 BM 中的 sCD14 水平与过敏原致敏无关，但在无 AD 的婴儿中，蛋清致敏与 1 个月 BM sCD14 呈负相关。结果表明，BM 中的 sCD14 可能参与了婴儿早期的特应性表现。
