Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Psychol Res. 2021 Feb;85(1):423-438. doi: 10.1007/s00426-019-01239-6. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
Research on change deafness indicates there are substantial limitations to listeners' perception of which objects are present in complex auditory scenes, an ability that is important for many everyday situations. Experiment 1 examined the extent to which change deafness could be reduced by training with performance feedback compared to no training. Experiment 2 compared the efficacy of training with detailed feedback that identified the change and provided performance feedback on each trial, training without feedback, and no training. We further examined the timescale over which improvement unfolded by examining performance using an immediate post-test and a second post-test 12 h later. We were able to reduce, but not eliminate, change deafness for all groups, and determined that the practice content strongly impacted bias and response strategy. Training with simple performance feedback reduced change deafness but increased bias and false alarm rates, while providing a more detailed feedback improved change detection without affecting bias. Together, these findings suggest that change deafness can be reduced if a relatively small amount of practice is completed. When bias did not impede performance during the first post-test, the majority of the learning following training occurred immediately, suggesting that fast within-session learning primarily supported improvement on the task.
变化聋的研究表明，听众对复杂听觉场景中存在哪些物体的感知存在很大的局限性，这种能力对许多日常情况都很重要。实验 1 考察了与没有训练相比，通过有表现反馈的训练可以在多大程度上减少变化聋。实验 2 将具有详细反馈的训练、没有反馈的训练和没有训练的效果进行了比较，这种详细反馈可以识别变化，并在每次试验中提供表现反馈。我们进一步通过使用即时后测和 12 小时后的第二次后测来检查改善的时间尺度，来检查性能。我们能够减少但不能消除所有组的变化聋，并且确定实践内容对偏差和反应策略有很大的影响。虽然简单的表现反馈训练减少了变化聋，但增加了偏差和虚报率，而提供更详细的反馈则在不影响偏差的情况下提高了变化检测。总的来说，如果完成的实践量相对较少，就可以减少变化聋。当第一次后测中的偏差没有影响表现时，训练后的大部分学习都是立即发生的，这表明快速的会话内学习主要支持了任务的改进。
