Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2020 Jan;102:103493. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103493. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
The existence of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on immune cells was discussed in 1989 by Charles Janeway, Jr., who proposed a general concept of the ability of PRRs to recognize and bind conserved molecular structures of microorganisms known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Upon PAMP engagement, PRRs trigger intracellular signaling cascades resulting in the expression of various proinflammatory molecules. These recognition molecules represent an important and efficient innate immunity tool of all organisms. As invertebrates lack the instruments of the adaptive immune system, based on "true" lymphocytes and functional antibodies, the importance of PRRs are even more fundamental. In the present review, the structure, specificity, and expression profiles of PRRs characterized in annelids are discussed, and their role in innate defense is suggested.
1989 年，小查尔斯·詹韦（Charles Janeway, Jr.）讨论了免疫细胞上模式识别受体（PRRs）的存在，他提出了 PRRs 能够识别和结合微生物保守分子结构（称为病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs））的一般概念。在 PAMP 结合后，PRRs 触发细胞内信号级联反应，导致各种促炎分子的表达。这些识别分子代表了所有生物体重要且有效的先天免疫工具。由于无脊椎动物缺乏适应性免疫系统的工具，基于“真正的”淋巴细胞和功能性抗体，PRRs 的重要性更加基础。在本综述中，讨论了环节动物中特征明确的 PRRs 的结构、特异性和表达谱，并提出了它们在先天防御中的作用。
