PSYDREPI Laboratory (EA7458), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté , Dijon, France.
Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport (EA 7428), Interdisciplinary Confederation Research in Sport (FED 4272), Univ Lyon,University of Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, France.
J Sports Sci. 2020 Jun-Jun;38(11-12):1368-1379. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1662538. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
Grounded in Lazarus's (1999) cognitive motivational relational theory of emotions, this study aimed to explore longitudinal relationships between appraisals, everyday emotions related to the competitive environment and emotional regulation strategies during a competitive season. Forty adolescent soccer players ( = 15.8) involved in an intensive training centre from a professional club voluntarily participated to the study. A series of hierarchical linear modelling analyses were conducted upon the 9 measurement times to: (a) examine the relationships between appraisals (threat, challenge, loss), pleasant (happiness, excitement) and unpleasant (anxiety, dejection, anger) emotions, and emotional regulation strategies (adaptive and less adaptive); and (b) ascertain whether the relationships between appraisals and emotions were mediated by emotion regulation strategies. The results of the random coefficient regression models showed: (a) positive relationships between challenge appraisal, adaptive emotion regulation, and pleasant emotions as well as between threat and loss appraisals, less adaptive emotion regulation and unpleasant emotions; and (b) mediating effects of emotional regulation strategies in the appraisals - emotions relationships. As a whole, this study furthered knowledge base about the competitive environment in showing that appraisals, emotion regulation and emotions are intertwined psychological constructs in a dynamic relationship allowing athletes to continuously adjust to their constantly changing everyday demands.
基于 Lazarus（1999）的情绪认知动机关系理论，本研究旨在探讨竞争环境下的评价、日常情绪与情绪调节策略在竞争赛季中的纵向关系。来自一家职业俱乐部的 40 名青少年足球运动员（=15.8 岁）自愿参加了这项研究。通过 9 次测量时间进行了一系列分层线性模型分析，以：（a）检验评价（威胁、挑战、损失）、愉快（快乐、兴奋）和不愉快（焦虑、沮丧、愤怒）情绪与情绪调节策略（适应性和非适应性）之间的关系；（b）确定评价与情绪之间的关系是否由情绪调节策略中介。随机系数回归模型的结果表明：（a）挑战评价、适应性情绪调节与愉快情绪之间呈正相关，威胁和损失评价、非适应性情绪调节与不愉快情绪之间呈正相关；（b）情绪调节策略在评价-情绪关系中具有中介作用。总的来说，这项研究进一步丰富了竞争环境的知识库，表明评价、情绪调节和情绪是相互交织的心理结构，处于一种动态关系中，使运动员能够不断适应其不断变化的日常需求。
