Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Health Economics and Outcomes Research Division, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
J Adolesc Health. 2019 Nov;65(5):690-697. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.06.002. Epub 2019 Sep 7.
The aim of the study was to identify whether parent encouragement to diet as an adolescent predicts subsequent encouragement to diet from significant others/romantic partners as an adult and examine longitudinal associations between cumulative encouragement to diet from close relationships (i.e., parent and significant other) and later weight, weight-related, and psychosocial well-being outcomes in adulthood.
Data from Project EAT I-IV, a 15-year longitudinal population-based study of socioeconomically and racially/ethnically diverse adolescents followed into adulthood (n = 1,116; mean age = 31.1 years; 61% female), were used for this study. Surveys and anthropometric measures were completed at school by adolescents in 1998-1999, and follow-up mailed and online surveys were completed at approximately 5-year intervals between 2003 and 2016.
Adolescents who experienced encouragement to diet from their parents were more likely to have a significant other as an adult who also encouraged them to diet. In addition, there was a significant (p < .05) cumulative effect of encouragement to diet, such that experiencing more encouragement to diet from both a parent(s) and significant other was associated with higher weight status, more unhealthy weight-control behaviors (e.g., dieting, binge eating, and unhealthy weight control behaviors), and lower psychosocial well-being (e.g., lower body satisfaction and self-esteem and higher depressive symptoms) as a young adult.
Encouragement to diet tracked from one close relationship to another and had a cumulative effect on adult weight, weight-related, and psychosocial well-being outcomes. Future interventions, clinical work, and research should be aware of these patterns and cumulative effects of encouragement to diet to target key relationships to reduce these harmful interpersonal patterns.
本研究旨在确定青少年时期父母的节食鼓励是否会预测成年后来自重要他人/恋人的节食鼓励，并检验来自亲密关系（即父母和重要他人）的累积节食鼓励与成年后体重、与体重相关的和心理健康的纵向关联。
本研究使用了 EAT 项目 I-IV 的数据，这是一项对社会经济地位和种族/民族多样化的青少年进行的 15 年纵向人群研究，这些青少年一直被追踪到成年（n=1116；平均年龄 31.1 岁；61%为女性）。青少年于 1998-1999 年在学校完成调查和人体测量，随后在 2003 年至 2016 年期间大约每 5 年进行一次后续邮寄和在线调查。
经历过父母节食鼓励的青少年更有可能在成年后有一个重要的他人也鼓励他们节食。此外，节食鼓励存在显著的（p<.05）累积效应，即经历来自父母和重要他人的更多节食鼓励与更高的体重状况、更多不健康的体重控制行为（如节食、暴食和不健康的体重控制行为）以及更低的心理健康（如更低的身体满意度和自尊以及更高的抑郁症状）有关。
节食鼓励从一种亲密关系跟踪到另一种亲密关系，并对成年后的体重、与体重相关的和心理健康结果产生累积影响。未来的干预措施、临床工作和研究应该意识到这些鼓励模式和累积效应，以针对关键关系为目标，减少这些有害的人际模式。
