低聚果糖、半乳糖和甘露寡糖不能预防 5-氟尿嘧啶诱导的大鼠肠道黏膜炎。

Prebiotics Fructo-, Galacto-, and Mannan-Oligosaccharide Do Not Protect against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Rats.

机构信息

College of Medicine and Public Health and Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.

School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2019 Dec 1;149(12):2164-2173. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxz192.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxz192

PMID:31504729

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Prebiotics selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract, and have been investigated in human and animal studies for their capacity to improve intestinal health.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated the prebiotics fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) for their potential to alleviate intestinal damage in rats.

METHODS

Female Dark Agouti rats (6-8 wk old, 110-150 g) were allocated to 1 of the following treatment groups (n = 8/group): saline/water, saline/FOS, saline/GOS, saline/MOS, 5-fluorouracil (5FU)/water, 5FU/FOS, 5FU/GOS, and 5FU/MOS. Rats were pretreated with either 5% GOS, MOS, or FOS or vehicle (water) from day -12 to day 0. On day 0, rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of saline or 5FU. Metabolic data were recorded daily and all rats were killed on day 3. Histopathology was quantified in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Intestinal sucrase and myeloperoxidase activity were quantified by biochemical assay. Fecal SCFAs-acetic, propionic, and butyric acid-were also measured. Statistical analysis was by repeated-measures, 2-factor ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Body weight was significantly decreased in all treatment groups after 5FU injection, with no change in body weight observed in any prebiotic treatment group. Total food intake was lower by ≥7% in the GOS treatment group pre-5FU than in all other groups (P < 0.05). Ileal villus height was 18% higher in GOS-treated rats pre-5FU than in respective water controls (P < 0.05). Jejunal and ileal villus height and crypt depth were significantly decreased in all treatment groups after 5FU injection, with no prebiotic effect observed. SCFAs were differentially increased in prebiotic treatment groups compared with water-only controls (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

FOS, GOS, and MOS have differential effects in modifying small intestinal pathology and SCFA profiles in rats with healthy and damaged small intestinal mucosa.

摘要

背景

益生元选择性地刺激胃肠道内有益细菌的生长，已在人类和动物研究中进行了研究，以评估其改善肠道健康的能力。

目的

我们研究了低聚果糖（FOS）、半乳糖寡糖（GOS）和甘露寡糖（MOS）等益生元，以评估它们减轻大鼠肠道损伤的潜力。

方法

将 6-8 周龄、体重 110-150g 的雌性暗褐家鼠分配至以下治疗组中的 1 组（每组 n=8）：生理盐水/水、生理盐水/FOS、生理盐水/GOS、生理盐水/MOS、5-氟尿嘧啶（5FU）/水、5FU/FOS、5FU/GOS 和 5FU/MOS。从第-12 天至第 0 天，大鼠分别用 5%GOS、MOS 或 FOS 或载体（水）预处理。第 0 天，大鼠接受单次腹腔注射生理盐水或 5FU。每日记录代谢数据，所有大鼠于第 3 天处死。苏木精和伊红染色切片的组织病理学进行定量分析。通过生化分析定量测定肠蔗糖酶和髓过氧化物酶活性。还测量粪便短链脂肪酸（乙酸、丙酸和丁酸）。统计分析采用重复测量、2 因素方差分析或 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Mann-Whitney U 检验；P<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。

结果

5FU 注射后，所有治疗组的体重均显著下降，而任何益生元治疗组的体重均无变化。5FU 前 GOS 治疗组的总食物摄入量比其他所有组低≥7%（P<0.05）。5FU 前 GOS 处理组的回肠绒毛高度比相应的水对照组高 18%（P<0.05）。5FU 注射后，所有治疗组的空肠和回肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度均显著降低，而无益生元作用。与仅用水处理的对照组相比，益生元处理组的短链脂肪酸均有差异增加（P<0.05）。