Chattu Vijay Kumar, Knight Andy W
Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Victoria St. ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
Institute of International Relations, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Health Promot Perspect. 2019 Aug 6;9(3):174-180. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2019.25. eCollection 2019.
The Caribbean region, with a population of around 17 million, has the highest burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the region of the Americas. It is estimated that diabetes and hypertension has an economic impact of around 5%-8% of the gross domestic product of the region. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand how global health diplomacy contributed to the evolution of a collective Caribbean regional summit declaration to address the epidemic of NCDs. A systematic review was conducted, and all the major databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, Global Health database and other available policy documents from various sources were screened. All articles available from 1910-2018were extracted. From the total of 3223 titles, after filtering, the search narrowed down to 28full texts that are included in this study. Policy documents and articles related to NCDs, global health diplomacy, and the Port of Spain Declaration (POSD) were the focused themes. The Caribbean region showed significant commitment to the prevention and control of NCDs through its united voice and commitment since 2001. The successful rounds of negotiations for regional health have led to the formulation of the 15- point multisectoral POSD "Uniting to Stop the Epidemic of Chronic NCDs." This was the first Summit in the world where the Heads of Government focused on prevention and control of NCDs with a clear road map for policy implementation, collaboration, and collective action. This regional summit declaration gained global attention and resulted in the United Nations Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of NCDs and as WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and control of NCDs 2013-2020. There is enormous scope for this evolving area of Global Health Diplomacy in addressing the future challenges of health security.
加勒比地区人口约1700万，是美洲地区慢性非传染性疾病（NCDs）负担最重的地区。据估计，糖尿病和高血压对该地区国内生产总值的经济影响约为5%-8%。本研究的目的是探讨和理解全球卫生外交如何推动加勒比地区集体峰会宣言的演变，以应对非传染性疾病的流行。进行了一项系统综述，筛选了所有主要数据库，如MEDLINE、PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus、Web of Science、EBSCO、全球卫生数据库以及来自各种来源的其他可用政策文件。提取了1910年至2018年期间所有可用的文章。从总共3223个标题中，经过筛选，搜索范围缩小到本研究纳入的28篇全文。与非传染性疾病、全球卫生外交和《西班牙港宣言》（POSD）相关的政策文件和文章是重点主题。自2001年以来，加勒比地区通过其统一的声音和承诺，对非传染性疾病的预防和控制表现出了重大承诺。区域卫生问题的成功谈判轮次促成了15点多部门《西班牙港宣言》“团结起来制止慢性非传染性疾病的流行”的制定。这是世界上第一次政府首脑专注于非传染性疾病的预防和控制，并制定了明确的政策实施、合作和集体行动路线图的峰会。这一区域峰会宣言引起了全球关注，并促成了《联合国预防和控制非传染性疾病政治宣言》以及《世界卫生组织2013-2020年预防和控制非传染性疾病全球行动计划》。在应对未来卫生安全挑战方面，这一不断发展的全球卫生外交领域有着巨大的空间。
