Eini Zinab Hassan, Kalantari Naser, Ostadrahimi Alireza, Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh, Pourmoradian Samira
Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Health Promot Perspect. 2019 Aug 6;9(3):241-247. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2019.33. eCollection 2019.
Identifying and prioritizing the most appropriate policies for enhancing nutritional habits are vital for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study was conducted to prioritize the nutritional policies in Iran. A cross-sectional survey applying the two-round Delphi technique was used to prioritize policy options in preventing the burden of NCDs. In the first round, the experts in health and nutrition policy were asked to prioritize 21 policy options on a 5-point Likert scale. After analyzing the first-round questionnaire, the highest mean and lowest dispersion index were calculated as an indicator of high-priority options. In the second round, the policy options suggested by the participants were added to the second-round questionnaire. Finally, the questionnaires were sent to all the participants in case they desired to change their opinions. The expert achieved consensus on "principles of healthy eating" courses in the curriculum of students as a high-priority policy option. In this regard, "promoting community education and customizing healthy food choice" was the next high priority policy option. On the other hand, the lowest policy priority option was "sending free/low-price healthy drinks at home". The three high priority policy categories were reformulating the content of food, enhancing the consumers' knowledge, and food labeling, respectively. Our findings showed that reformulation, food promotion, and food labeling had the highest priorities for preventing NCDs in Iran. Although food provision policies were cost effective in developing countries such as Iran, it is essential to provide sub-structures for the reformulation of food products.
确定并优先考虑最适当的改善营养习惯政策对于非传染性疾病（NCDs）的预防和控制至关重要。本研究旨在对伊朗的营养政策进行优先级排序。采用两轮德尔菲技术的横断面调查来对预防非传染性疾病负担的政策选项进行优先级排序。在第一轮中，健康与营养政策专家被要求按照5级李克特量表对21项政策选项进行优先级排序。在分析第一轮问卷后，计算最高平均得分和最低离散指数作为高优先级选项的指标。在第二轮中，将参与者提出的政策选项添加到第二轮问卷中。最后，若参与者希望改变意见，问卷会再次发送给所有参与者。专家们就将“健康饮食原则”课程纳入学生课程体系作为高优先级政策选项达成了共识。在这方面，“促进社区教育并定制健康食品选择”是下一个高优先级政策选项。另一方面，优先级最低的政策选项是“在家中派送免费/低价健康饮品”。三个高优先级政策类别分别是重新制定食品内容、增强消费者知识和食品标签。我们的研究结果表明，在伊朗，重新制定、食品推广和食品标签在预防非传染性疾病方面具有最高优先级。尽管在伊朗等发展中国家，食品供应政策具有成本效益，但为食品重新配方提供基础架构至关重要。
