Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
J Infect. 2020 Jan;80(1):69-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.09.002. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of hospitalization in young children, but there are little data on RSV infections in early childhood in the community. We conducted a prospective population-based birth-cohort study to determine the rates and characteristics of RSV infections in young children.
We followed 923 children for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) from birth to age 24 months with daily diaries and study clinic visits. Nasal swab samples were obtained at the onset of ARIs and analyzed for RSV by RT-PCR and antigen tests. The rates of RSV infections and associated outcomes were estimated.
RSV was detected in 289 (6%) of 4728 ARIs with a nasal sample. The mean estimated annual rate of RSV infections was 37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 35-38) per 100 children at age 0-24 months. For RSV-associated outcomes, the estimated annual rates per 100 children were 34 (95% CI, 32-37) physician visits, 16 (95% CI, 15-17) antibiotic treatments, 12 (95% CI, 11-13) acute otitis media, and 6 (95% CI, 4-7) wheezing illnesses. The prevalence of RSV was 0.6% in asymptomatic children.
RSV infections impose a high burden of disease in healthy young children in the community.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是导致幼儿住院的主要原因，但关于社区中幼儿 RSV 感染的数据较少。我们进行了一项前瞻性基于人群的出生队列研究，以确定幼儿 RSV 感染的发生率和特征。
我们对 923 名儿童进行了随访，这些儿童从出生到 24 个月大，每天记录日记并进行研究门诊就诊。在急性呼吸道感染（ARI）发作时采集鼻拭子样本，并通过 RT-PCR 和抗原检测分析 RSV。估计 RSV 感染的发生率和相关结局。
在 4728 例ARI 中，有 289 例（6%）鼻样本检测到 RSV。0-24 个月儿童估计每年 RSV 感染率为 37（95%置信区间[CI]，35-38）/100 例。对于与 RSV 相关的结局，估计每年每 100 例儿童的发生率分别为 34（95% CI，32-37）次就诊、16（95% CI，15-17）次抗生素治疗、12（95% CI，11-13）次急性中耳炎和 6（95% CI，4-7）次喘息病。无症状儿童 RSV 的患病率为 0.6%。
RSV 感染给社区中健康的幼儿带来了沉重的疾病负担。
