Jacobino Bruno de Castro Paixão, Galvão Mariana Domingues, da Silva Adriano Ferreira, de Castro Cláudio Campi
Institut of Heart - Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP - Brazil.
Diagnostic Imaging Service - Hospital Universitário - Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP - Brazil.
Autops Case Rep. 2012 Jun 30;2(2):5-10. doi: 10.4322/acr.2012.018. eCollection 2012 Apr-Jun.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common congenital orthopedic anomalies. Ultrasound examination employing the Graf method is used to diagnose DDH. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 222 neonatal patients (140 females and 82 males) submitted to ultrasound examination of the right and left hips between January of 2009 and May of 2011. The mean age was 5.0 days. The patients were grouped by laterality, mean alpha (α) and beta (β) angles (in degrees), and hip type (as determined by the Graf classification). The data collected were statistically correlated. Mean α angle values were higher in males than in females, as well as being higher for right hips than for left hips (p < 0.001). In contrast, mean β angle values were lower in males than in females, as well as being lower for right hips than for left hips (p < 0.001). Type Ia hips (i.e., mature hips) predominated in both genders and on both sides, having been found in 82.32% of the examinations of males and in 71.09% of those of females. The right hip was classified as type Ia in 78.38% of the examinations, and the left hip was classified as type Ia in 72.07%. Type IIa hips (i.e., immature hips) were found in 12.8% of the examinations of males and in 20% of those of females. The right hip was classified as type IIa in 13.96% of the examinations, and the left hip was classified as type IIa in 20.72%. The remaining hip types were less common. We emphasize the importance of ultrasound as a standard method of screening for DDH.
发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）是最常见的先天性骨科异常之一。采用Graf法的超声检查用于诊断DDH。我们对2009年1月至2011年5月期间接受左右髋关节超声检查的222例新生儿患者（140例女性和82例男性）进行了一项回顾性横断面研究。平均年龄为5.0天。患者按侧别、平均α（α）和β（β）角（度数）以及髋关节类型（由Graf分类确定）分组。收集的数据进行了统计学相关性分析。男性的平均α角值高于女性，右髋关节的平均α角值也高于左髋关节（p<0.001）。相比之下，男性的平均β角值低于女性，右髋关节的平均β角值也低于左髋关节（p<0.001）。Ia型髋关节（即成熟髋关节）在男女两侧均占主导地位，在男性检查中占82.32%，在女性检查中占71.09%。右髋关节在78.38%的检查中被分类为Ia型，左髋关节在72.07%的检查中被分类为Ia型。IIa型髋关节（即未成熟髋关节）在男性检查中占12.8%，在女性检查中占20%。右髋关节在13.96%的检查中被分类为IIa型，左髋关节在20.72%的检查中被分类为IIa型。其余髋关节类型较少见。我们强调超声作为DDH筛查标准方法的重要性。
