Department of Orthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Orthod Craniofac Res. 2020 Feb;23(1):82-91. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12346. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
(a) To quantify longitudinal 3D changes in facial soft tissue movements in adults with unilateral facial paralysis, and (b) to compare the patients' movements with an age- and sex-frequency matched control group.
Prospective 3D facial movement data of 36 patients and 68 control participants. Patients' data were collected within 6 weeks of onset of symptoms (baseline) and then at 3 and 12 weeks after baseline.
The 3D facial movement data were collected during different facial animations. Mean group measurements of displacement, velocity and asymmetry were computed. Two sample t tests were used to test for significant group differences, and linear mixed models were fit to test for significant changes over time in the patient group. Also, 3D dynamic modelling and vector plots were computed to isolate the patients' abnormal movements and/or paralysis.
The patients' mean baseline movements were significantly less for both the paralysed and contralateral sides of the face with much greater movement asymmetry than the controls. Patients' mean measures improved significantly from baseline to 12 weeks. The measures were closer to, but fell short of, the control values.
In unilateral facial paralysis, the contralateral facial side was affected by the paralysis and may be tethered or limited in its movement by the paralysed side. The comprehensive measurement set and 3D facial mapping effectively tracked patient recovery and isolated paralysed facial regions. The 3D measures can be used for diagnosis and outcome assessment of different treatments.
(a) 定量分析单侧面瘫成人面部软组织运动的纵向 3D 变化，(b) 将患者的运动与年龄和性别频率匹配的对照组进行比较。
36 例患者和 68 例对照组的前瞻性 3D 面部运动数据。患者的数据在症状发作后 6 周内（基线）收集，然后在基线后 3 周和 12 周收集。
使用不同的面部动画收集 3D 面部运动数据。计算了位移、速度和不对称的平均组测量值。使用两样本 t 检验检验组间差异是否具有统计学意义，使用线性混合模型检验患者组随时间的显著变化。还计算了 3D 动态建模和向量图，以分离患者的异常运动和/或瘫痪。
与对照组相比，患者的基线运动明显减少，双侧面部的运动不对称程度更大。患者的平均指标从基线到 12 周显著改善。这些指标更接近对照组的指标，但仍低于对照组的指标。
在单侧面瘫中，对侧面部受瘫痪影响，可能因瘫痪侧的限制而受到束缚或运动受限。全面的测量集和 3D 面部映射有效地跟踪了患者的恢复情况，并分离出瘫痪的面部区域。3D 测量值可用于不同治疗方法的诊断和疗效评估。
