UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, United Kingdom.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
Curr Mol Med. 2019;20(1):3-12. doi: 10.2174/1566524019666190917125917.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the main form of dementia, characterized by progressive cognitive decline and detrimental consequences in both personal-family and global level. Within this narrative review, we provide recent molecular aspects of Tau, a microtubule AD-associated protein, as well as amyloid beta, involved in AD pathophysiology. Moreover, we provide additional emerging data from basic research as well as clinical studies indicating an implicating role of gastrointestinal microbiota (GI-M), including Helicobacter pylori infection (Hp-I), in AD pathophysiology. Likewise, we identified through a molecular prism the current evidence of AD pathogenesis as well as its linkage with GI-M and emphasizing the role of Hp-I. All in all, additional large-scale studies are required for the further clarification of AD pathophysiology and its connection with GI-M and Hp-I, so as novel therapies on molecular basis become available.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，也是痴呆的主要形式，其特征是认知能力进行性下降，对个人、家庭和全球层面都有不利影响。在本次叙述性综述中，我们提供了 Tau 蛋白（一种与 AD 相关的微管蛋白）和淀粉样β蛋白（AD 病理生理学的关键因素）的最新分子方面的信息。此外，我们还提供了来自基础研究和临床研究的更多新出现的数据，这些数据表明胃肠道微生物组（GI-M），包括幽门螺杆菌感染（Hp-I），在 AD 病理生理学中的作用。同样，我们通过分子视角确定了 AD 发病机制及其与 GI-M 和 Hp-I 的联系的现有证据，并强调了 Hp-I 的作用。总之，需要开展更多大规模的研究来进一步阐明 AD 的病理生理学及其与 GI-M 和 Hp-I 的联系，以便为基于分子基础的新型疗法提供依据。
