Arroyave G
Instituto de Nutrición de Centro América y Panamá/Universidad de las Naciones Unidas.
Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1988 Sep;38(3):568-88.
The list of vitamins recognized as essential in human nutrition is extensive. Only some of them, however, are attributed an important role in public health. The present paper deals with three of these selected because their deficiencies still prevail in important sectors of population in the Latin American Region: vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin D. For each vitamin the paper discusses the scientific bases for their requirements, as well as pragmatic considerations to be taken into account for the derivation of recommended dietary intakes. Reference is made to the logic of applying the concepts of nutrient density when developing guidelines for the design of diets for the family and the community. Adequate nutrient density means that when a diet is consumed in sufficient amounts to satisfy energy requirements, the needs for essential nutrients are also being met. For the above reasons, the principle of expressing the recommended levels of intake of vitamin A and C per 1,000 kilocalories has been followed. This is not the case with vitamin D which, in view of its special feature of being synthesized endogenously, is not really a vitamin in the strict sense of the term and, therefore, a rational and consistent relationship with the energy of the diet cannot be established.
被认为是人类营养中必需的维生素种类繁多。然而，其中只有一部分被认为在公共卫生方面具有重要作用。本文探讨了其中三种维生素，因为它们的缺乏在拉丁美洲地区的重要人群中仍然普遍存在：维生素A、维生素C和维生素D。对于每种维生素，本文讨论了其需求的科学依据，以及在推导推荐膳食摄入量时应考虑的实际因素。文中提到了在制定家庭和社区饮食设计指南时应用营养密度概念的逻辑。足够的营养密度意味着，当一种饮食摄入量足以满足能量需求时，必需营养素的需求也能得到满足。出于上述原因，本文遵循了每1000千卡表达维生素A和C推荐摄入量水平的原则。维生素D的情况并非如此，鉴于其可内源性合成的特殊特性，严格来说它并不真正算是一种维生素，因此，无法与饮食能量建立合理且一致的关系。
