Liu Lili, Guo Haipeng, Fu Lijun, Chou Shulei, Thiele Simon, Wu Yuping, Wang Jiazhao
Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia.
Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110, Freiburg, Germany.
Small. 2021 Mar;17(9):e1903854. doi: 10.1002/smll.201903854. Epub 2019 Sep 18.
Over the past few years, great attention has been given to nonaqueous lithium-air batteries owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density when compared with other energy storage systems. Most of the research interest, however, is dedicated to batteries operating in pure or dry oxygen atmospheres, while Li-air batteries that operate in ambient air still face big challenges. The biggest challenges are H O and CO that exist in ambient air, which can not only form byproducts with discharge products (Li O ), but also react with the electrolyte and the Li anode. To this end, recent progress in understanding the chemical and electrochemical reactions of Li-air batteries in ambient air is critical for the development and application of true Li-air batteries. Oxygen-selective membranes, multifunctional catalysts, and electrolyte alternatives for ambient air operational Li-air batteries are presented and discussed comprehensively. In addition, separator modification and Li anode protection are covered. Furthermore, the challenges and directions for the future development of Li-air batteries are presented.
在过去几年中，非水锂空气电池因其与其他储能系统相比具有超高的理论能量密度而备受关注。然而，大多数研究兴趣都集中在在纯氧或干燥氧气气氛中运行的电池上，而在 ambient air 中运行的锂空气电池仍然面临巨大挑战。最大的挑战是 ambient air 中存在的H₂O和CO₂，它们不仅会与放电产物（Li₂O₂）形成副产物，还会与电解质和锂负极发生反应。为此，了解锂空气电池在 ambient air 中的化学和电化学反应的最新进展对于真正的锂空气电池的开发和应用至关重要。本文全面介绍并讨论了用于 ambient air 运行的锂空气电池的氧选择性膜、多功能催化剂和电解质替代品。此外，还涵盖了隔膜改性和锂负极保护。此外，还介绍了锂空气电池未来发展的挑战和方向。
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