Czarny J, Staninska-Pięta J, Piotrowska-Cyplik A, Juzwa W, Wolniewicz A, Marecik R, Ławniczak Ł, Chrzanowski Ł
Institute of Forensic Genetics, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J Hazard Mater. 2020 Feb 5;383:121168. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121168. Epub 2019 Sep 6.
The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that a hydrocarbon degrading community isolated from a site heavily polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals should exhibit a high activity and biodegradation efficiency, despite decreased biodiversity resulting from the presence of such contaminants. Microbial community isolated from soil collected at an abandoned creosote railway wood-sleepers impregnation plant using diesel oil was used during the studies. Four parallel systems spiked with diesel oil, diesel oil + PAHs, diesel oil + heavy metals and diesel oil + PAHs + heavy metals were analysed in terms of relative abundance and biodiversity of the microbial community (Illumina), biodegradation efficiency (GCMS) and cellular metabolic activity (flow cytometry). Principal Component Analysis and biodiversity parameters indicated that the mixture of PAHs and heavy metals was the dominant factor which resulted in the enrichment of the Gammaproteobacteria class. This was associated with higher degradation of additional PAHs in the presence of heavy metals and an increase of metabolically active sub-populations during flow cytometry analysis. The increased abundance of the Acinetobacter genus in systems with both PAHs and heavy metals implies that it may play a crucial role in soil populations exposed to mixed contaminations.
从一个受到多环芳烃（PAHs）和重金属严重污染的场地分离出的烃降解群落，尽管由于此类污染物的存在导致生物多样性降低，但仍应表现出高活性和生物降解效率。研究过程中使用了从一个废弃的杂酚油铁路枕木浸渍厂采集的土壤中分离出的微生物群落，该群落以柴油为培养基。分析了四个平行系统，分别添加了柴油、柴油+PAHs、柴油+重金属以及柴油+PAHs+重金属，分析内容包括微生物群落的相对丰度和生物多样性（Illumina测序）、生物降解效率（气相色谱-质谱联用仪）以及细胞代谢活性（流式细胞术）。主成分分析和生物多样性参数表明，PAHs和重金属的混合物是导致γ-变形菌纲富集的主要因素。这与在重金属存在的情况下额外PAHs的更高降解率以及流式细胞术分析期间代谢活跃亚群的增加有关。在同时含有PAHs和重金属的系统中，不动杆菌属丰度的增加意味着它可能在暴露于混合污染物的土壤种群中发挥关键作用。
