Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi," University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019 Nov;19(11):689-698. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.08.011. Epub 2019 Aug 29.
The correct localization of molecules between nucleus and cytoplasm is fundamental for cellular homeostasis and is controlled by a bidirectional transport system. Exportin 1 (XPO1) regulates the passage of numerous cancer-related proteins. In this review, we summarize the development of a novel class of antitumor agents, known as selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINEs). We report results of preclinical studies and clinical trials, and discuss the mechanism of action of SINEs and their effects in multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, lymphoblastic leukemia, and acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. In the future, the numerous experimental studies currently underway will allow us to define the role of SINEs and will possibly permit these substances to be introduced into daily clinical practice.
分子在细胞核和细胞质之间的正确定位对于细胞内稳态至关重要，它受到一个双向转运系统的控制。输出蛋白 1（XPO1）调节着许多与癌症相关的蛋白质的传递。在这篇综述中，我们总结了一类新型抗肿瘤药物的发展，这些药物被称为核输出选择性抑制剂（SINEs）。我们报告了临床前研究和临床试验的结果，并讨论了 SINEs 的作用机制及其在多发性骨髓瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、淋巴母细胞白血病以及急性和慢性髓性白血病中的作用。在未来，目前正在进行的大量实验研究将使我们能够确定 SINEs 的作用，并可能使这些物质被引入日常临床实践。
