Calcium channel antagonists. Part V: Second-generation agents.

Second-generation agents include new dihydropyridines, such as amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, and nitrendipine. Verapamil-like agents include tiapamil, gallopamil, and anipamil. Among the diphenylalkylamines, bepridil is of special interest. New preparations of existing agents include slow-release formulations of nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem. From all these agents will be selected those that are longer-acting and provide higher vascular selectivity.