Mileva Mila, Burton A Mike
Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2019 Sep 23;4(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s41235-019-0193-0.
We present a series of experiments on visual search in a highly complex environment, security closed-circuit television (CCTV). Using real surveillance footage from a large city transport hub, we ask viewers to search for target individuals. Search targets are presented in a number of ways, using naturally occurring images including their passports and photo ID, social media and custody images/videos. Our aim is to establish general principles for search efficiency within this realistic context.
Across four studies we find that providing multiple photos of the search target consistently improves performance. Three different photos of the target, taken at different times, give substantial performance improvements by comparison to a single target. By contrast, providing targets in moving videos or with biographical context does not lead to improvements in search accuracy.
We discuss the multiple-image advantage in relation to a growing understanding of the importance of within-person variability in face recognition.
我们展示了一系列在高度复杂环境——安全闭路电视（CCTV）中进行视觉搜索的实验。利用来自一个大型城市交通枢纽的真实监控录像，我们要求观众搜索目标人物。搜索目标通过多种方式呈现，使用自然出现的图像，包括他们的护照和照片身份证、社交媒体以及羁押图像/视频。我们的目的是在这个现实背景下确立搜索效率的一般原则。
在四项研究中，我们发现提供搜索目标的多张照片能持续提高搜索表现。与单一目标相比，目标人物在不同时间拍摄的三张不同照片能显著提高搜索表现。相比之下，以动态视频形式提供目标人物或提供人物背景信息并不能提高搜索准确性。
我们结合对人脸识别中个体内部变异性重要性的日益深入理解，讨论了多图像优势。
