McCaffrey T V, McDonald T J
Laryngoscope. 1979 Nov;89(11):1735-42. doi: 10.1288/00005537-197911000-00004.
Histiocytosis X encompasses three syndromes characterized by the idiopathic proliferation of histiocytes: eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian syndrome, and Letterer-Siwe disease. At the Mayo Clinic between 1926 and 1978, 22 patients with histiocytosis X had involvement of the ear or temporal bone. These patients comprised 15% of all patients with histiocytosis X seen during that period. The ages at onset of the disease ranged from 2 months to 49 years. The most frequent otologic symptom was aural discharge (15 patients), followed in frequency by swelling in the temporal region (11 patients), vertigo (6 patients), and deafness (5 patients). Clinical findings included otitis media (13 patients), otitis externa with or without granulation tissue (10 patients), and osteolytic lesions of the temporal bone (9 patients). A high index of suspicion is required to recognize the otologic manifestations of histiocytosis X for two reasons: the systemic manifestations of the disease are often so dramatic that the ear findings are overlooked, and the otologic findings of histiocytosis X can mimic more common diseases, including simple otitis externa, aural polyps, acute mastoiditis, chronic otitis media, and metastatic lesions.
组织细胞增多症X包括三种以组织细胞特发性增殖为特征的综合征：嗜酸性肉芽肿、汉-许-克综合征和勒-雪病。1926年至1978年间在梅奥诊所，22例组织细胞增多症X患者耳部或颞骨受累。这些患者占该时期所见所有组织细胞增多症X患者的15%。发病年龄从2个月至49岁不等。最常见的耳科症状是耳漏（15例患者），其次是颞部肿胀（11例患者）、眩晕（6例患者）和耳聋（5例患者）。临床发现包括中耳炎（13例患者）、伴有或不伴有肉芽组织的外耳道炎（10例患者）以及颞骨溶骨性病变（9例患者）。认识组织细胞增多症X的耳科表现需要高度怀疑，原因有二：该疾病的全身表现往往非常显著，以至于耳部表现被忽视，而且组织细胞增多症X的耳科表现可模仿更常见的疾病，包括单纯外耳道炎、耳息肉、急性乳突炎、慢性中耳炎和转移性病变。
