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中耳及侧颅底罕见病

Rare Diseases of the Middle Ear and Lateral Skull Base.

机构信息

Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie "Otto Körner" der Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland.

出版信息

Laryngorhinootologie. 2021 Apr;100(S 01):S1-S30. doi: 10.1055/a-1347-4171. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

DOI:10.1055/a-1347-4171
PMID:34352901
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8354576/
Abstract

Otalgia, otorrhea and hearing loss are the most common ear-related symptoms that lead to the consultation of an otolaryngologist. Furthermore, balance disorders and affections of the cranial nerve function may play a role in the consultation. In large academic centres, but also in primary care, the identification of rare diseases of the middle ear and the lateral skull base is essential, as these diseases often require interdisciplinary approaches to establish the correct diagnosis and to initiate safe and adequate treatments. This review provides an overview of rare bone, neoplastic, haematological, autoimmunological and infectious disorders as well as malformations that may manifest in the middle ear and the lateral skull base. Knowledge of rare disorders is an essential factor ensuring the quality of patient care, in particular surgical procedures. Notably, in untypical, complicated, and prolonged disease courses, rare differential diagnoses need to be considered.

摘要

耳痛、耳漏和听力损失是导致耳鼻喉科就诊的最常见耳部相关症状。此外，平衡障碍和颅神经功能障碍也可能在就诊中起作用。在大型学术中心，甚至在初级保健中，识别中耳和外侧颅底的罕见疾病至关重要，因为这些疾病通常需要多学科方法来确定正确的诊断，并启动安全和适当的治疗。本篇综述提供了可能在中耳和外侧颅底表现的罕见骨骼、肿瘤、血液、自身免疫和感染性疾病以及畸形的概述。了解罕见疾病是确保患者护理质量的重要因素，特别是手术过程。值得注意的是，在非典型、复杂和长期的疾病过程中，需要考虑罕见的鉴别诊断。

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