Haldar Sumanto, Gan Linda, Tay Shia Lyn, Ponnalagu Shalini, Henry Christiani Jeyakumar
Clinical Nutrition Research Centre (CNRC), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Medical Drive, Singapore 117609, Singapore.
Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore.
Foods. 2019 Sep 24;8(10):437. doi: 10.3390/foods8100437.
Several plant-based traditional ingredients in Asia are anecdotally used for preventing and/or treating type 2 diabetes. We investigated three such widely consumed ingredients, namely corn silk (CS), cumin (CU), and tamarind (TA). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of aqueous extracts of these ingredients consumed either as a drink (D) with high-glycemic-index rice or added to the same amount of rice during cooking (R) on postprandial glycemia (PPG), insulinemia (PPI), and blood pressure (BP), over a 3 h measurement period. Eighteen healthy Chinese men (aged 37.5 ± 12.5 years, BMI 21.8 ± 1.67 kg/m) took part in a randomized crossover trial, each completing up to nine sessions. Compared to the control meal (plain rice + plain water), the addition of test extracts in either form did not modulate PPG, PPI, or BP. However, the extracts when added within rice while cooking gave rise to significantly lower PPI than when consumed as a drink ( < 0.01). Therefore, the form of consumption of phytochemical-rich ingredients can differentially modulate glucose homeostasis. This study also highlights the need for undertaking randomized controlled clinical trials with traditional foods/components before claims are made on their specific health effects.
在亚洲，有几种以植物为基础的传统食材据传闻可用于预防和/或治疗2型糖尿病。我们研究了三种广泛食用的此类食材，即玉米须（CS）、小茴香（CU）和罗望子（TA）。本研究的目的是确定这些食材的水提取物，以高血糖指数大米饮品（D）的形式饮用，或在烹饪时添加到等量大米中（R），在3小时测量期内对餐后血糖（PPG）、胰岛素血症（PPI）和血压（BP）的影响。18名健康中国男性（年龄37.5±12.5岁，BMI 21.8±1.67 kg/m²）参与了一项随机交叉试验，每人最多完成9次试验。与对照餐（白米饭+白水）相比，以任何一种形式添加测试提取物均未调节PPG、PPI或BP。然而，在烹饪时添加到大米中的提取物导致的PPI显著低于作为饮品饮用时（P<0.01）。因此，富含植物化学物质的食材的食用形式可不同程度地调节葡萄糖稳态。本研究还强调，在对传统食物/成分的特定健康效果提出主张之前，需要进行随机对照临床试验。
