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立体化学效应对呋喃-马来酰亚胺 Diels-Alder 加合物的机械化学断裂的影响。

Stereochemical effects on the mechanochemical scission of furan-maleimide Diels-Alder adducts.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.

出版信息

Chem Commun (Camb). 2019 Oct 8;55(81):12263-12266. doi: 10.1039/c9cc06361g.

Abstract

Clarifying the correlation between the chemical structure of mechanophores and their mechanical reactivity informs the design of mechanochemical systems. One specific correlation that has received much recent attention is that between stereoisomerism and mechanical reactivity. Here, we report previously unobserved differences in the mechanical reactivity of furan-maleimide Diels-Alder (DA) stereoisomers. We evaluated the internal competition between the mechanically triggered retro-DA reaction and the mechanochemical ring opening of gem-dichlorocyclopropane mechanophores in the pulsed sonication of polymer solutions. The relative extent of the two sonomechanochemical reactions in the same polymer shows that the endo DA isomer exhibits greater mechanical lability than its exo isomer. This result contrasts with recent measurements of the relative rates of scission in a similar system and points to potential enhanced sensitivity obtained through the use of internal competition as opposed to absolute rates in assessing mechanical reactivity in sonication studies.

摘要

阐明力响应基团的化学结构与其机械反应性之间的相关性,有助于机械化学体系的设计。最近,人们特别关注立体异构和机械反应性之间的相关性。在这里,我们报告了呋喃-马来酰亚胺 Diels-Alder(DA)立体异构体的机械反应性中以前未观察到的差异。我们在聚合物溶液的脉冲超声处理中评估了机械触发反-DA 反应和机械化学开环之间的内部竞争,涉及双氯环丙烷力响应基团。在相同聚合物中,这两个超声机械化学反应的相对程度表明,endo-DA 异构体比其 exo 异构体具有更大的机械不稳定性。这一结果与最近在类似体系中测量的相对断裂速率相矛盾,并指出通过使用内部竞争而不是绝对速率来评估超声研究中的机械反应性,可能会获得更高的灵敏度。

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