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巴基斯坦丙型肝炎病毒基因型的流行情况:现状与文献回顾。

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Pakistan: Current Scenario and Review of Literature.

机构信息

Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan.

Cancer Biology Lab, MMG, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

出版信息

Viral Immunol. 2019 Nov;32(9):402-413. doi: 10.1089/vim.2019.0058. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern globally, resulting in liver-related complications. Approximately 6% population of Pakistan is infected with HCV. HCV is error prone, due to which it is classified into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes. HCV genotype determination is critical for treatment and therapy response. In this study, 3,539 samples were collected from 2015 to 2019 from all over Punjab. RNA was extracted from samples using QIA Amp Viral RNA MINI kit (Qiagen, Germany) and viral genotyping was performed. Furthermore, a systemized literature search (2009-2018) was done to analyze the HCV genotype distribution pattern in Pakistan. In Punjab, genotype 3a (86.46%) is most prevalent, followed by untypable (7.17%) and genotype 1a (3.84%) and 3b (1.04%). Mixed genotype constitutes only 0.67% of total infections. Genotype 2a, 2b, 3c, and 4 were found to be rare. Data available from literature review when compiled showed that HCV genotype 3a (58.16%) was predominant in Pakistan, followed by genotypes 3b (9.05%), 2a (6.70%), 1a (6.22%), and 1b (2.39%). The frequency of mixed genotypes was found to be 4% and 12% of untypable HCV variants. This study highlights the HCV genotype distribution pattern in different regions of Pakistan. Therapy response and disease management depend on genotype, so HCV genotype determination is crucial. In Pakistan, the most prevalent genotype is 3a, followed by untypable genotype. Both interferon and sofosbuvir are effective against genotype 3a, but treatment with sofosbuvir has comparatively high sustained virological response, less adverse effects, and more tolerability.

摘要

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)是全球主要的公共卫生关注点,可导致肝脏相关并发症。巴基斯坦约有 6%的人口感染 HCV。由于 HCV 易出错,因此它被分为 7 种基因型和 67 种亚型。HCV 基因型的确定对治疗和治疗反应至关重要。在这项研究中,2015 年至 2019 年期间从旁遮普省各地采集了 3539 个样本。使用 QIA Amp Viral RNA MINI 试剂盒(Qiagen,德国)从样本中提取 RNA,并进行病毒基因分型。此外,还进行了系统的文献搜索(2009-2018 年),以分析巴基斯坦 HCV 基因型的分布模式。在旁遮普省,最常见的基因型是 3a(86.46%),其次是无法分型(7.17%)和基因型 1a(3.84%)和 3b(1.04%)。混合基因型仅占总感染的 0.67%。基因型 2a、2b、3c 和 4 很少见。综合文献综述的数据显示,HCV 基因型 3a(58.16%)在巴基斯坦占主导地位,其次是基因型 3b(9.05%)、2a(6.70%)、1a(6.22%)和 1b(2.39%)。未分型 HCV 变异体的混合基因型频率分别为 4%和 12%。这项研究突出了巴基斯坦不同地区 HCV 基因型的分布模式。治疗反应和疾病管理取决于基因型,因此 HCV 基因型的确定至关重要。在巴基斯坦,最常见的基因型是 3a,其次是无法分型的基因型。干扰素和索非布韦都对基因型 3a 有效,但索非布韦的治疗具有较高的持续病毒学应答率、较少的不良反应和更高的耐受性。

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