丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型：在HCV/HBV合并感染进展中至关重要。

HCV and HBV genotypes: vital in the progression of HCV/ HBV co-infection.

作者信息

Badshah Yasmin, Shabbir Maria, Khan Khushbukhat, Zafar Sameen, Afsar Tayyaba, Husain Fohad Mabood, Amor Houda, Razak Suhail

机构信息

Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.

Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

BMC Gastroenterol. 2025 Jan 8;25(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12876-025-03587-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12876-025-03587-7

PMID:39780058

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11708002/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Viral hepatitis is the major contributor to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Studies indicated that the co-infection of hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus also prompts liver damage progression. Therefore, in the present study, the prevalence of HCV-HBV co-infection and the impact of HCV-HBV co-infection on the progression of liver damage was evaluated amongst the HCV-infected patients in Pakistan.

METHODS

In this study 2500 HCV-positive patients were recruited from Pakistan. The presence and prevalence of HCV and HBV was confirmed through ELISA and nested PCR. To determine the liver damage due to viral infection levels of ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin were also determined. Diagnostic history of patients was thoroughly documented through serological tests and liver biopsy reports. Viral genotypes and viral loads were determined through multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and time PCR, respectively.

RESULTS

The study outcomes showed that 12.5% of the HCV-infected patients were co-infected with HBV. Co-infection development was more common in females than in males, and females were at a higher risk of developing the infection (p-value = < 0.0001, OR = 2.437). Despite the variation among different age groups, there was no significant difference in co-infection prevalence. HCV genotype 3a was found to be most prevalent while in HBV genotype D was found to be prevalent among the patients. The HCV patients frequently developed co-infection with HBV genotype D. It was also determined that viral load for HBV genotype D was higher compared to non-D genotypes while for HCV viral load was higher in non-3a genotypes.

CONCLUSIONS

This study evaluated the prevalence of HCV and HBV co-infection among HCV-positive patients, revealing that 12.5% patients were co-infected with HBV. Co-infection was more common in females, who had a higher risk of developing it. The study also revealed that HBV genotype D was the most prevalent in co-infected patients, with no significant age-related differences in co-infection rates.

摘要

背景

病毒性肝炎是肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）的主要病因。研究表明，丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的合并感染也会促使肝损伤进展。因此，在本研究中，评估了巴基斯坦HCV感染患者中HCV-HBV合并感染的患病率以及HCV-HBV合并感染对肝损伤进展的影响。

方法

本研究从巴基斯坦招募了2500名HCV阳性患者。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认HCV和HBV的存在及患病率。为了确定病毒感染导致的肝损伤，还测定了丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和总胆红素水平。通过血清学检测和肝活检报告详细记录患者的诊断史。分别通过多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）和实时PCR确定病毒基因型和病毒载量。

结果

研究结果显示，12.5%的HCV感染患者合并感染了HBV。合并感染在女性中比在男性中更常见，女性发生感染的风险更高（p值<0.0001，比值比（OR）=2.437）。尽管不同年龄组之间存在差异，但合并感染患病率没有显著差异。发现HCV基因型3a最为普遍，而在HBV中，基因型D在患者中最为普遍。HCV患者经常与HBV基因型D合并感染。还确定，与非D基因型相比，HBV基因型D的病毒载量更高，而对于HCV，非3a基因型的病毒载量更高。