Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Eur J Endocrinol. 2019 Dec;181(6):591-602. doi: 10.1530/EJE-19-0179.
The protective effect of garlic against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported in animal studies. However, in humans, the association between garlic consumption and NAFLD is unclear. The study sought to explore the association between habitual raw garlic intake and newly diagnosed NAFLD among Chinese adults.
We performed a study of 11,326 men and 12,780 women aged 20-90 years. Habitual food intake was assessed using a validated and standardized 100-item food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosis of NAFLD was based on the liver ultrasonography and self-reported alcohol intake. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of raw garlic intake with newly diagnosed NAFLD.
The prevalence of newly diagnosed NAFLD was 28.9% in men and 10.1% in women, respectively. In men, the fully adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of having NAFLD across increasing frequency of raw garlic intake were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.81 (0.73, 0.90) for 1-3 times/week, 0.66 (0.54, 0.80) for 4-6 times/week, and 0.71 (0.55, 0.90) for ≥7 times/week (P for trend <0.0001). The odds ratio for NAFLD associated with each 1 g of raw garlic/1000 kcal was 0.93 (0.90, 0.97) in men. In women, no significant association between raw garlic intake and NAFLD was identified. These associations between raw garlic intake and NAFLD were consistent in several sensitivity analyses.
Frequent consumption of raw garlic is inversely associated with NAFLD in Chinese men. Further investigations are needed to confirm this finding.
动物研究表明，大蒜对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）具有保护作用。然而，在人类中，大蒜摄入与 NAFLD 之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨中国成年人中习惯性生食大蒜摄入与新诊断的 NAFLD 之间的关系。
我们对 11326 名男性和 12780 名 20-90 岁的女性进行了研究。习惯性食物摄入情况使用经过验证和标准化的 100 项食物频率问卷进行评估。NAFLD 的诊断基于肝脏超声和自我报告的饮酒量。多因素 logistic 回归用于评估生食大蒜摄入与新诊断的 NAFLD 之间的关联。
男性和女性新诊断的 NAFLD 患病率分别为 28.9%和 10.1%。在男性中，随着生食大蒜摄入频率的增加，NAFLD 的调整后比值比（95%置信区间）分别为 1.00（参考）<每周 1 次、0.81（0.73，0.90）每周 1-3 次、0.66（0.54，0.80）每周 4-6 次和 0.71（0.55，0.90）每周≥7 次（趋势 P<0.0001）。与每 1000 千卡摄入 1 克生食大蒜相关的男性 NAFLD 比值比为 0.93（0.90，0.97）。在女性中，未发现生食大蒜摄入与 NAFLD 之间存在显著关联。这些关于生食大蒜摄入与 NAFLD 之间关联的分析结果在几项敏感性分析中是一致的。
中国男性中，频繁食用生食大蒜与 NAFLD 呈负相关。需要进一步的研究来证实这一发现。
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