Khatami Fatemeh, Larijani Bagher, Nikfar Shekoufeh, Hasanzad Mandana, Fendereski Kiarad, Tavangar Seyed Mohammad
Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2019 Sep 13;12:235-245. doi: 10.2147/PGPM.S181520. eCollection 2019.
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, with increasing incidence all over the world. In spite of good prognosis for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, for an unknown reason, about 5-10% of the patients, the cancer will show aggressive behavior, develop metastasis, and be refractory to treatment strategies like radioactive iodine. Regarding the genetic information, each thyroid cancer patient can be considered as an individual unique one, with unique genetic information. Contrary to standard chemotherapy drugs, target therapy components aim at one or more definite molecular pathway on cancer cells, so their selection is underlying patient's genetic information. Nowadays, several mutations and rearrangements including , receptors, , and , , , , , and are taken into account for the therapeutic components like larotrectinib (TRK inhibitor), vemurafenib, sunitinib, sorafenib, selumetinib, and axitinib. With the new concept of personalized treatment of thyroid cancer diagnoses, planning treatment, finding out how well treatment will work, and estimating a prognosis has changed for the better over the last decade.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤之一，在全球范围内发病率不断上升。尽管分化型甲状腺癌预后良好，但不知为何，约5%-10%的患者，癌症会表现出侵袭性，发生转移，并且对放射性碘等治疗策略难治。关于基因信息，每个甲状腺癌患者都可被视为具有独特基因信息的个体。与标准化疗药物不同，靶向治疗成分针对癌细胞上一个或多个特定分子途径，因此其选择基于患者的基因信息。如今，包括 、受体、 以及 、 、 、 、 、 等在内的几种突变和重排被纳入拉罗替尼（TRK抑制剂）、维莫非尼、舒尼替尼、索拉非尼、塞鲁替尼和阿昔替尼等治疗成分的考虑范围。随着甲状腺癌个性化治疗这一新概念的出现，在过去十年里，甲状腺癌的诊断、治疗规划、了解治疗效果以及预估预后都有了更好的变化。
