Department of Speech Language Pathology, School of Public Health, Honam University, 417, Eodeung-daero, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju 62399, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 30;16(19):3675. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193675.
Identifying the risk factors of teachers' voice disorders is very important for preventing voice disorders and the recurrence of them. This meta-study identified risk factors associated with teachers' voice disorders through systematic review and meta-analysis and provided basic data for preventing them. This study collected literature on the risk factors of teachers' voice disorders using six databases (i.e., CINAHL, EBSCO, PUBMED, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Springer Link). Search was limited to studies published between 1 January 2000 and 15 October 2018, and a total of 16 publications were selected for the analysis of this study. The quality of selected literature was assessed using the "Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields". The effect size was analyzed by odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. The results of the quality assessment ranged from 20 to 24 points with six strong studies and ten good studies. The meta-analysis showed that gender, upper airway problems, caffeine consumption, speaking loudly, number of classes per week, and resignation experience due to voice problems were the major risk factors of teachers' voice disorders. On the other hand, age, number of children, drinking, physical activity, smoking, water intake, singing habits, duration of teaching, perception of noise inside the school, number of classes per day, noise assessment inside the classroom, and perception of technology and instruments inside the workplace were not significantly related to voice disorders. Longitudinal studies should be conducted in the future to confirm causality between voice disorders and risk factors based on the results of this study.
识别教师嗓音障碍的危险因素对于预防嗓音障碍及其复发非常重要。本元分析通过系统评价和荟萃分析确定了与教师嗓音障碍相关的危险因素，为预防嗓音障碍提供了基础数据。本研究使用 6 个数据库（即 CINAHL、EBSCO、PUBMED、SCOPUS、Web of Science 和 Springer Link）收集了有关教师嗓音障碍危险因素的文献。搜索范围限于 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 10 月 15 日期间发表的研究，共有 16 篇文献被选入本研究进行分析。使用“各种领域原始研究论文质量评估标准”评估所选文献的质量。使用比值比和 95%置信区间分析效应大小。质量评估结果的分值范围为 20 至 24 分，其中 6 项为强研究，10 项为良好研究。荟萃分析显示，性别、上呼吸道问题、咖啡因摄入、大声说话、每周上课次数以及因嗓音问题辞职的经历是教师嗓音障碍的主要危险因素。另一方面，年龄、子女数量、饮酒、身体活动、吸烟、水的摄入、唱歌习惯、教学时间、对学校内部噪音的感知、每天上课次数、教室内部噪音评估以及对工作场所技术和仪器的感知与嗓音障碍无显著相关性。未来应进行纵向研究，根据本研究结果确认嗓音障碍与危险因素之间的因果关系。
