巴西针对男男性行为者的性取向歧视：潜在类别分析
Discrimination based on sexual orientation against MSM in Brazil: a latent class analysis.
作者信息
Magno Laio, Silva Luís Augusto V da, Guimarães Mark Drew Crosland, Veras Maria Amélia de Sousa Mascena, Deus Luiz Fábio Alves de, Leal Andrea Fachel, Knauth Daniela Riva, Brito Ana Maria de, Rocha Gustavo Machado, Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa, Kendall Carl, Motta-Castro Ana Rita Coimbra, Kerr Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo, Mota Rosa Maria Salani, Merchan-Hamann Edgar, Dourado Inês Costa
机构信息
Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia - Salvador (BA), Brazil.
Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia - Salvador (BA), Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019 Sep 26;22Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e190003. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720190003.supl.1. eCollection 2019.
INTRODUCTION
Discrimination based on sexual orientation can influence vulnerability to HIV, increasing exposure to risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM).
OBJECTIVES
To analyze data using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with specific patterns of discrimination based on sexual orientation (DSO).
METHODS
Cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. LCA was used to characterize discrimination among MSM based on 13 variables in the survey questionnaire. The proportions of men reporting DSO and other variables of interest were estimated using Gile's Successive Sampling estimator.
RESULTS
Most MSM were young, single, had a religion, had a high school or college degree, black or brown skin color, and socioeconomic status classified as average. More than half of the participants reported that they had been discriminated against during the last 12 months due to their sexual orientation (65%), more than a third said they had felt afraid of walking in public places during the past 12 months, and about one-fifth of participants reported having been victims of physical or sexual assault due to DSO. DSO was classified into four latent classes: "very high", "high", "moderate" and "low", with estimates of 2.2%, 16.4%, 35.1%, and 46.19%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
We observed a high proportion of discrimination against MSM in this study. The use of LCA differentiated parsimoniously classes of discrimination.
引言
基于性取向的歧视会影响感染艾滋病毒的易感性，增加男男性行为者（MSM）中危险性行为的暴露几率。
目的
使用潜在类别分析（LCA）来分析数据，以识别具有特定性取向歧视模式（DSO）的个体群体。
方法
2016年在巴西12个城市采用应答驱动抽样进行横断面研究。LCA用于根据调查问卷中的13个变量来描述男男性行为者中的歧视情况。使用吉尔连续抽样估计器估计报告DSO和其他感兴趣变量的男性比例。
结果
大多数男男性行为者年轻、单身、有宗教信仰、拥有高中或大学学历、皮肤为黑色或棕色，社会经济地位属于中等。超过一半的参与者报告说，在过去12个月里他们因性取向而受到歧视（65%），超过三分之一的人表示在过去12个月里他们害怕在公共场所行走，约五分之一的参与者报告曾因DSO而成为身体或性侵犯的受害者。DSO被分为四个潜在类别：“非常高”、“高”、“中等”和“低”，估计比例分别为2.2%、16.4%、35.1%和46.19%。
结论
在本研究中我们观察到针对男男性行为者的歧视比例很高。LCA的使用简洁地区分了歧视类别。
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