Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Pharmacol Res. 2019 Nov;149:104469. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104469. Epub 2019 Sep 29.
Statins beside their main effect on reducing the progression of cardiovascular disease through pharmacological inhibition of the endogenous cholesterol synthesis, have additional pleiotropic effects including antiinflammatory effects mediated through the induction of suppressor regulatory T cells (Tregs). Statin-induced expansion of Tregs reduces chronic inflammation and may have beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. However, statins could represent a double-edged sword in immunomodulation. Drugs that act by increasing the concentration of Tregs could enhance the risk of cancers, particularly in the elderly and may have adverse effects in neurodegenerative disorders and infectious diseases. In the present paper, we review the experimental studies that evaluate the effects of statins on Treg cells in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and we discuss potential therapeutic applications of statins in this setting.
他汀类药物除了通过抑制内源性胆固醇合成的药理作用来降低心血管疾病的进展外，还有其他的多效作用，包括通过诱导抑制性调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）产生的抗炎作用。他汀类药物诱导 Tregs 的扩增可减少慢性炎症，在自身免疫性疾病中可能具有有益作用。然而，他汀类药物在免疫调节方面可能是一把双刃剑。通过增加 Tregs 浓度起作用的药物可能会增加癌症的风险，特别是在老年人中，并且可能对神经退行性疾病和传染病产生不良影响。在本文中，我们综述了评估他汀类药物在自身免疫和炎症性疾病中对 Treg 细胞影响的实验研究，并讨论了在这种情况下他汀类药物的潜在治疗应用。
