High-intensity interval training improved fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetic rats more than endurance training; possible involvement of irisin and betatrophin.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and endurance training (END) on irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations, and lipid profiles in diabetic rats.

METHODS

Twenty-four Wistar rats (weight: 200-250 g) were randomly assigned into four groups as follows: (1) control (Cnt), (2) diabetic (Dibt), (3) diabetic HIIT (Dibt-HIIT), and (4) diabetic END (Dibt-END). For inducing diabetes, after 12 h of food starvation, nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected. The diabetic training groups received 10 weeks of HIIT or END training following the induction of diabetes. Twenty-four hours following the last training session, blood serum samples were collected for evaluating the concentration of irisin, betatrophin, and insulin hormones through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTS

FBG and lipid profiles were measured by biochemical kits. A significant increase in the serum concentration of irisin ( < 0.05), betatrophin ( < 0.05), and insulin ( < 0.001) and significant decrease in the FBG ( < 0.01) and lipid profiles ( < 0.01) were observed in the Dibt-HIIT group compared to the Dibt-END group. In addition, irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin and insulin values in diabetic training groups ( < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

It seems that HIIT leads to a more extensive improvement in diabetic conditions compared to the END training. Therefore, HIIT appears to be an important time-efficient approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.