[老年性聋]

[Presbyacusis].

作者信息

Kunelskaya N L, Levina Yu V, Garov E V, Dzuina A V, Ogorodnikov D S, Nosulya E V, Luchsheva Y V

机构信息

L.I. Sverzhevskiy Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152; Department of Otorhinolaryngology N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,117997.

L.I. Sverzhevskiy Research Institute of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152.

出版信息

Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2019;84(4):67-71. doi: 10.17116/otorino20198404167.

DOI:10.17116/otorino20198404167

PMID:31579062

Abstract

In the world, the spread of hearing loss due to age is an important socio-medical problem. Age-related hearing loss is the result of the biological process of aging of the tissue elements of the auditory analyzer. Changes in hearing develops by a complex of factors associated with both genetic, environmental and social aspects. Presbycusis is one of the causes of human cognitive disorders. Recent studies on hearing impairment prove a correlation with cognitive processes that increase the risk of dementia in the elderly. Timely rehabilitation of hearing with the use of hearing aids allows you to delay the processes of inhibition of cognitive function, and allows older people to prolong active longevity. Patients require consistent auditory and cognitive training for better socialization.

摘要

在世界范围内，年龄相关性听力损失的蔓延是一个重要的社会医学问题。年龄相关性听力损失是听觉分析器组织成分老化这一生物学过程的结果。听力变化是由一系列与遗传、环境和社会因素相关的复杂因素所导致的。老年性聋是人类认知障碍的原因之一。近期关于听力障碍的研究证明其与认知过程存在关联，而这会增加老年人患痴呆症的风险。及时使用助听器进行听力康复能够延缓认知功能抑制过程，并使老年人延长积极的寿命。患者需要持续的听觉和认知训练以实现更好的社交。