Masood Iram, Waheed Usman, Arshad Muhammad, Saeed Muhammad, Farooq Ahmad, Moneeba Sadaf, Basharat Nosheen, Zaheer Hasan Abbas
Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Safe Blood Transfusion Programme, Ministry of National Health Services, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Lab Physicians. 2019 Jul-Sep;11(3):240-243. doi: 10.4103/JLP.JLP_150_18.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major causative agent of early, severe and prolonged liver infection that subsequently leads to cirrhosis of liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and comparison of serological assay performance versus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in HBV screening.
Blood samples of 8517 healthy blood donors were collected during the period of January to June 2017 from Blood Bank of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad. Samples were screened for HBsAg assay using technique of chemiluminescence immunoassay. PCR of positive samples was carried out using already reported genotype-specific primers by Naito . (2001). The results were confirmed by visualizing genotype bands.
The study confirmed the presence of HBV in 2.5% of blood donors, and PCR confirmed the presence of HBV-DNA in 92 samples. The genotyping was done by PCR using type-specific primer sequences. PCR was dogged to check six genotypes, i.e., A, B, C, D, E, and F. The results of this study show high levels of Genotype D is this region, i.e., 52.17% with less dominating Genotype C, which is 16.30% with decreasing ratio of Genotype E (14.13%), Genotype A and B (9.78%), and mixed D + E (2.17%). The presence of coinfection is found at lowest rate. Due to the high percentage of HBV/D, it is concluded that D genotype is common in our population.
The most prevalent HBV genotype in ICT region was genotype D, which is responsible for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Efficacy of drugs varies with variation in genotypes of hepatitis B virus and also with geographical distribution.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是早期、严重且迁延性肝脏感染的主要病原体，随后可导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌。本研究旨在评估乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型的分子流行病学，并比较血清学检测与聚合酶链反应（PCR）在HBV筛查中的性能。
2017年1月至6月期间，从伊斯兰堡沙希德·佐勒菲卡尔·阿里·布托医科大学血库采集了8517名健康献血者的血样。采用化学发光免疫分析技术对样本进行HBsAg检测。对阳性样本进行PCR检测，使用已报道的由内藤（2001年）设计的基因型特异性引物。通过观察基因型条带确认结果。
该研究证实2.5%的献血者感染了HBV，PCR证实92份样本中存在HBV-DNA。使用型特异性引物序列通过PCR进行基因分型。PCR用于检测六种基因型，即A、B、C、D、E和F。本研究结果显示该地区D基因型水平较高，即52.17%，C基因型占比相对较低，为16.30%，E基因型比例下降（14.13%），A和B基因型（9.78%），以及混合D + E基因型（2.17%）。共感染率最低。由于HBV/D占比高，得出D基因型在我们的人群中常见的结论。
信息通信技术（ICT）地区最常见的HBV基因型是D基因型，它可导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌。药物疗效因乙型肝炎病毒基因型的差异以及地理分布的不同而有所变化。
